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偏微分方程 第3卷

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偏微分方程 第3卷

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作 者:M.E.Taylor

出 版 社:世界图书出版公司

出版时间:1999-6-1

I S B N: 9787506242547

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Introduction 13 Function Space and Operator Theory for Nonlinear Analysis Introduction 1 Lp-Sobolev spaces 2 Sobolev imbedding theorems 3 Gagliardo-Nirenberg-Moser estimates 4 Tmdinger's inequalities 5 Singular integral operators on Lp 6 The spaces Hs,p 7 Lp-spectral theory of the Laplace operator 8 Holder spaces and Zygmund spaces 9 Pseudodifferential operators with nonregular symbols 10 Paradifferential operators 11 Young measures and fuzzy functions 12 Hardy spaces References.

  本书为英文版。

内容简介


片断:
Introduction
Partialdifferentialequationsisamany-facetedsubject.Createdtodescribethe
mechanicalbehaviorofobjectssuchasvibratingstringsandblowingwinds,it
hasdevelopedintoabodyofmaterialthatinteractswithmanybranchesofmath-
ematics,suchasdifferentialgeometry,complexanalysis,andhannonicanalysis,
aswellasaubiquitousfactorinthedescriptionandelucidationofproblemsin
mathematicalphysics.
Thisworkisintendedtoprovideacourseofstudyofsomeofthemajoraspects
ofPDE.Itisaddressedtoreaderswithabackgroundinthebasicintroductorygrad-
uatemathematicscoursesinAmericanuniversities:elementaryrealandcomplex
analysis,differentialgeometry,andmeasuretheory.
Chapterlprovidesbackgroundmaterialonthetheoryofordinarydifferential
equations(ODE).Thisincludesbothverybasicmaterial-ontopicssuchasthe
existenceanduniquenessofsolutionstoODEandexplicitsolutionstoequations
withconstantcoefficientsandrelationstolinearalgebra-andmoresophisticated
results--onflowsgeneratedbyvectorfields,connectionswithdifferentialgeom-
etry,thecalculusofdifferentialfonns,stationaryactionprinciplesinmechanics,
andtheirrelationtoHamiltoniansystems.Wediscussequationsofrelativistic
motionaswellasequationsofclassicalNewtonianmechanics.Therearealso
applicationstotopologicalresults,suchasdegreetheory,thcBrouwerfixed-point
theorem,andtheJordan-Brouwerseparationtheorem.Inthischapterwealsotreat
scalarfirst-orderPDE,viaHamilton-Jacobitheory.
Chapters2through6constituteasurveyofbasiclinearPDE.Chapter2begins
withthederivationofsomeequationsofcontinuummechanicsinafashionsimilar
tothederivationofODEinmechanicsinChapter1,viavariationalprinciples.We
obtainequationsforvibratingstringsandmembranes;theseequationsarenot
necessarilylinear,andhencetheywillalsoprovidesourcesofproblemslater,
whennonlinearPDEistakenup.FurthermaterialinChapter2centersaroundthe
Laplaceoperator,whichonEuclideanspaceRis
andthelinearwaveequation,
WealsoconsidertheLaplaceoperatoronageneralRiemannianmanifoldand
thewaveequationonageneralLorentzmanifold.Wediscussbasicconsequences
ofGreen'sformula,includingenergyconservationandfinitepropagationspeed
forsolutionstolinearwaveequations.WealsodiscussMaxwell'sequationsfor
electromagneticfieldsandtheirrelationwithspecialrelativity.Beforewecan
establishgeneralresultsonthesolvabilityoftheseequations,itisnecessaryto
developsomeanalyticaltechniques.Thisisdoneinthenextcoupleofchapters.
Chapter3isdevotedtoPourieranalysisandthetheoryofdistributions.These
topicsarecrucialforthestudyoflinearPDE.Wegiveanumberofbasicapplica-
tionstothestudyoflinearPDEwithconstantcoefficients.Amongtheseapplica-
tionsareresultsonhannonicandholomorphicfunctionsintheplane,includinga
shorttreatmentofelementarycomplexfunctiontheory.Wederiveexplicitformu-
lasforsolutionstoLaplaceandwaveequationsonEuclideanspace,andalsothe
heatequation,
Wealsoproducesolutionsoncertainsubsets,suchasrectangularregions,usingthe
methodofimages.WeincludematerialonthediscreteFouriertransfonn,gennane
tothediscreteapproximationofPDE,andonthefastevaluationofthistransfonn,
theFFT.Chapter3isthefirstchaptertomakeextensiveuseoffunctionalanalysis.
BasicresultsonthistopicareconapiledinAppendixA,OutlineofFunctional
Analysis.
Sobolevspaceshaveproventobeaveryeffectivetoolintheexistencetheory
ofPDE,andinthestudyofregularityofsolutions.InChapter4weintroduce
Sobolevspacesandstudysomeoftheirbasicproperties.Werestrictattention
toL-Sobolevspaces,suchasH(R),whichconsistsofL2functionswhose
derivativesoforderL(R),whenkisapositiveinteger.Wealsoreplacekbyageneralrealnumber
s.TheLP-Sobolevspaces,whichareveryusefulfornonlinearPDE,aretreated
later,inChapter13.
Chapter5isdevotedtothestudyoftheexistenceandregularityofsolutionsto
linearellipticPDE,onboundedregions.WebeginwiththeDirichletproblemfor
theLaplaceoperator,
andthentreattheNeumannproblemandvariousotherboundaryproblems,in-
cludingsomethatapplytoelectromagneticfields.Wealsostudygeneralboundary
problemsforlinearellipticoperators,givingaconditionthatguaranteesregularity
andsolvability(perhapsgivenafinitenumberoflinearconditionsonthedata).
AlsoinChapter5aresomeapplicationstootherareas,suchasaproofoftheRie-
mannmappingtheorem,firstforsmoothsimplyconnecteddomainsinthecomplex
planeC,then,afteratreatmentoftheDirichletproblemfortheLaplaceoperator
ondomainswithroughboundary,forgeneralsimplyconnecteddomainsinC.We
alsodevelopHodgetheoryandapplyittoDeRhamcohomology,extendingthe
studyoftopologicalapplicationsofdifferendalformsbeguninChapter1.

作者简介

目录

Contents of Volumes I and II
Introduction
13 Function Space and Operator Theory for Nonlinear Analysis
 Introduction
 1 Lp-Sobolev spaces
 2 Sobolev imbedding theorems
 3 Gagliardo-Nirenberg-Moser estimates
 4 Tmdinger‘s inequalities
 5 Singular integral operators on Lp
 6 The spaces Hs,p
 7 Lp-spectral theory of the Laplace operator
 8 Holder spaces and Zygmund spaces
 9 Pseudodifferential operators with nonregular symbols
 10 Paradifferential operators
 11 Young measures and fuzzy functions
 12 Hardy spaces
 References
14 Nonlinear Elliptic Equations
 Intxoduction
 1 A class of semilinear equations
 2 Surfaces with negative curvature
 3 Local solvability of nonlinear elliptic equations
 4 Elliptic regularity I (interior estimates)
 5 Isometric imbedding of Riemannian manifolds
 6 Minimal surfaces
 6B Second variation of area
 7 The minimal surface equation
 8 Elliptic regularity II (boundary estimates)
 9 Elliptic regularity III (DeGiorgi-Nash-Moser theory)
 10 The Dirichlet problem for quasi-linear elliptic equations
 11 Direct methods in the calculus of variations
 12 Quasi-linear elliptic systems
 12B Further results on quasi-linear systems
 13 Elliptic regularity IV (Krylov-Safonov estimates)
 14 Regularity for a class of completely nonlinear equations
 15 Monge-Ampere equations
 16 Elliptic equations in two variables
  A Morrey spaces
  B Leray-Schauder fixed-point theorems
 References
15 Nonlinear Parabolic Equations
 Introduction
 1 Semilinear parabolic equations
 2 AppliCations to harmonic maps
 3 Semilinear equations on regions with boundary
 4 Reaction-diffusion equations
 5 A nonlinear Trotter product formula
 6 The Stefan problem
 7 Quasi-linear parabolic equations I
 8 Quasi-linear parabolic equations II (sharper estimates)
 9 Quasi-linear parabolic equations III (Nash-Moser estimates)
 References
16 Nonlinear Hyperbolic Equations
 Introduction
 1 Quasi-linear, symmetric hyperbolic systems
 2 Symmetrizable hyperbolic systems
3 Second-order and higher-order hyperbolic systems
 4 Equations in the complex domain and the Cauchy-Kowalewsky 
 theorem
 5 Compressible fluid motion
 6 Weak solutions to scalar conservation laws; the viscosity 
 method
 7 Systems of conservation laws in one space variable; Riemann
 problems
 8 Entropy-flux pairs and Riemann invariants
 9 Global weak solutions of some 2×2 systems
 10 Vibrating strings revisited
 Referen es
17 Euler and Navier-Stokes Equations for Incompressible Fluids
 1 Introduction
……
18 Einstein's Equations
Index

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