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| Foreword Preface Preface to Fifth Edition 1 Ultraviolet and visible spectra 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The energy of electronic excitation 1.3 The absorption laws 1.4 Measurement of the spectrum 1.5 Vibrational fine structure 1.6 Choice of solvent 1.7 Selection rules and intensity 1.8 Chromophores 1.9 Solvent effects 1.10 Searching for a chromophore 1.11 Standard works of reference 1.12 Definitions 1.13 Conjugated dienes 1.14 Polyenes 1.15 Polyeneynes and poly-ynes 1.16 Ketones and aldehydes; π-π* transitions 1.17 Ketones and aldehydes; n-π* transitions 1.18 aB-Unsaturated acids， esters， nitriles， and amides 1.19 The benzene ring 1.20 Substituted benzene rings 1.21 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 1.22 Heteroaromatic compounds 1.23 Quinones 1.24 Porphyrins， chlorins， and corroles 1.25 Non-conjugated interacting chromophores 1.26 The effect of steric hindrance to coplanarity Bibliography 2 Infrared spectra 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Preparation of samples and examination in an infrared spectrometer 2.3 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 2.4 Examination in a Raman spectrometer 2.5 Selection rules 2.6 The infrared spectrum 2.7 The use of the tables of characteristic group frequencies 2.8 Correlation charts 2.9 Absorption frequencies of single bonds to hydrogen 2.10 Absorption frequencies of triple bonds and cumulated double bonds 2.11 The aromatic overtone and combination region， 2000-1600 cm-1 2.12 Absorption frequencies of the double bond region 2.13 Groups absorbing in the fingerprint region 2.14 Examples of infrared spectra Bibliography 3 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra 3.1 Nuclear spin and resonance 3.2 The measurement of spectra 3.3 The chemical shift 3.4 The intensity of NMR signals and integration 3.5 Factors affecting the chemical shift 3.6 Spin-spin coupling to 13C 3.7 IH-1H first-order coupling 3.8 Some simple 1H-1H splitting patterns 3.9 The magnitude of 1H-1H coupling constants 3.10 Line broadening and environmental exchange 3.11 Improving the NMR spectrum 3.12 Spin decoupling 3.13 The nuclear Overhauser effect 3.14 The many-pulse experiments 3.15 The separation of chemical shift and coupling on to different axes 3.16 Assignment of CH3， CH2， CH， and quaternary carbons 3.17 Two-dimensional NMR 3.18 COSY spectra 3.19 Total correlation spectroscopy 3.20 NOESY spectra 3.21 1H-13C COSY spectra …… 4 Mass spectroscopic 5 Practice in structure determination Index |
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