| 刘科成教授现在英国瑞丁大学（The University of Reading）任教，并担任交叉学科的信息科学研究中心主任。自2000年以来，他撰写和编辑了5本符号学专著，他的个人网址为：www,rdg.ac.uk/～sis01kl。 |
| Preface 1 Introduction 1.1 Information and informaion systems 1.2 Problems and challenges in information systems 1.3 Approaches and methods for information systems development 1.4 MEASUR:a semiotic approach to information systems 1.5 About this book Part one Semiotic framework and methods 2 Understanding semiotics 2.1 Signs and their functions 2.2 Semiosis and learning 2.3 Semiotics in computing 2.4 Semiotics in organisations and information systems 3 Asemiotic framework for information systems 3.1 Philosophical stance 3.1.1 Objectivist paradigm 3.1.2 Subjectivist paradigm 3.1.3 Radical subjectivist paradigm 3.2 The semiotic framework 3.2.1 Physics 3.2.2 Empirics 3.2.3 Syntactics 3.2.4 Semantics 3.2.5 Pragmatics 3.2.6 The social leel 3.3 An example of semiotic analysis 4 Asemiotic approach to information systems development 4.1 MEASUR 4.2 How MEASUR can help in information systems development 4.2.1 Infrastructure analysis 4.2.2 Systems analysis,Design and implementation 4.3 Summary 5 Knowledge representation and information analysis 5.1 Some basic considerations in knowledge representation 5.1.1 Expressive adequacy anmd notional efficiency 5.1.2 Semantic primitives 5.1.3 Types of knowledge 5.2 Representaion approdches 5.2.1 Typial examples 5.2.2 Conceptual graphs 5.3 Some fundamental issues of information analysis 5.4 The role of information analysis 6 Semantic Analysis 6.1 Teoretical aspects of Semantic Analysis 6.1.1 Affordances 6.1.2 Ontology and some other fundamental notions 6.2 NORMA 6.2.1 Well-formaed formula 6.2.2 Affordance and ontological dependency 6.2.3 Semiotic dehaviour 6.2.4 Time 6.2.5 Defining authouriy and responsibility 6.2.6 Graphic representation-ontology chary 6.2.7 Defining authority and responsibility 6.2.8 Graphic representation-ontology chart 6.3 Using LEGOL to specify Norms 6.4 Conducting a Semantic Analysis 6.4.1 Understand the problem domain 6.4.2 Generating candidate affordances 6.4.3 Candidate grouping 6.4.4 Ontology charting 6.4.5 Norm Analysis 6.5 Commentary on Semantic Analysis 7 Pragmatics and communication 7.1 Human communication 7.2 Other approaches to communication 7.2.1 Speech Act Theory 7.2.2 Functional approach 7.2.3 Deontic logic for communication 7.3 Pragmatic aspect of human communication 7.4 The Norm Analuysis method 7.4.1 The concept of norms 7.4.2 Norms in business organisations 7.4.3 Norm Analysis 7.4.4 Norms in computer systems 8 The social layer:modelling organisations as information systems 8.1 Organisations as information systems 8.2 The notion of responsibility 8.3 Anorganisational morphology 8.4 Modelling the organisation 8.5 Summary:requiremments for an dffective information modelling method Part tow Applications 9 From semiotic analysis to systems design 9.1 The semantic aspect of databases 9.2 Capturing the semantic aspect 9.3 Capturing the time aspect 9.4 Ontological modelling for conceptualisation 9.5 Imtentions,propositional attitudes and consequent operations 9.6 Other aspects of databases:facts,beliefs,and knowledge 10 Semantic temporal databases 10.1 Databases 10.1.1 Developments in database management systems 10.1.2 Semantic temporal databases 10.2 The semantic templates 10.2.1 Defining a semantic template 10.2.2 ST for database design 10.3 Systems construction 10.4 LEGOL 10.4.1 Basic syntactic structure 10.4.2 Some important operations 11 Normbase:a new approach to information management 11.1 The Normbase concept 11.2 The Normbase system 11.2.1 The Normbase engine 11.2.2 The semantic temporal database 11.2.3 The norm store 11.3 Information management with the Normbase system 11.4 Using semiotic methods with other appeoaches 11.4.1 Reational database for implementation 11.4.2 Objet-oriented methods for design and implementation 12 Case study:devlopment of a land resources information system 12.1 Background 12.2 Semantic Analysis for requirements modelling 12.3 Norm Analysis 12.4 System design and implementaion in the Normbase approach 12.5 Discussions and conclusions 13 Case study:development of a test construction system 13.1 Background 13.1.1 CONTEST project 13.1.2 User requirements 13.1.3 Why choode Semantic Analysis? 13.2 System analysis 13.3 System design 13.4 System construction 13.5 Discussion and conclusions Appendix A Semantic templates and surogate specification A.1 Definition of ST A.2 Examples of using ST in discourse modelling A.3 Examples of surrogates Appendix B LEGOL applications in the CRIS case B.1 Questions and LEGOL statements B.2 Output from the Normbase Bibliography Index |
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