| Scott Dodelson is Head of the Theoretical Astrophysics Group at Fermilab and Associate Professor in the Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of Chicago.He received his Ph.D. from Columbia University and was a research fellow at Harvard before coming to Fermilab and Chicago. He is the author of more than seventy papers on cosmology, most of which focused on the cosmic microwave background and the large scale structure of the universe. Dodelson is a theoretical cosmologist, but has worked with several experiments, including the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Python and MSAM anisotropy experiments. |
| Scott Dodelson：美国费米国家实验室理论天体物理研究组负责人和芝加哥大学天文和天体物理学系教授。在哥伦比亚大学获博士学位。进入费米国家实验室和芝加哥大学前在哈佛大学做研究员。在宇宙论方面发表了七十多篇论文，其中大部分是关于宇宙的微波背景和大尺度结构。 目次：标准模型及其它；平坦扩张的宇宙；远离平衡态；波尔兹曼方程；爱因斯坦方程；初始条件；多样性；各项异性；多样性的探测；弱透镜化和偏振；分析；附录A：部分习题解答；附录B：常数；附录C：特殊函数；附录D：符号；参考文献；索引。 读者对象：理论物理、天文物理和宇宙学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。 |
| 1 The Standard Model and Beyond 1.1 The Expanding Universe 1.2 The Hubble Diagram 1.3 Big Bang Nucleosynthesis 1.4 The Cosmic Microwave Background 1.5 Beyond the Standard Model 1.6 Summary Exercises 2 The Smooth, Expanding Universe 2.1 General Relativity 2.1.1 The Metric 2.1.2 The Geodesic Equation 2.1.3 Einstein Equations 2.2 Distances 2.3 Evolution of Energy 2.4 Cosmic Inventory 2.4.1 Photons 2.4.2 Baryons 2.4.3 Matter 2.4.4 Neutrinos 2.4.5 Dark Energy 2.4.6 Epoch of Matter-Radiation Equality 2.5 Summary Exercises 3 Beyond Equilibrium 3.1 Boltzmann Equation for Annihilation 3.2 Big Bang Nucleosynthesis 3.2.1 Neutron Abundance 3.2.2 Light Element Abundances 3.3 Recombination 3.4 Dark Matter 3.5 Summary Exercises 4 The Boltzmann Equations 4.1 The Boltzmann Equation for the Harmonic Oscillator 4.2 The Collisionless Boltzmann Equation for Photons 4.2.1 Zero-Order Equation 4.2.2 First-Order Equation 4.3 Collision Terms: Compton Scattering 4.4 The Boltzmann EqUation for Photons 4.5 The Boltzmann Equation for Cold Dark Matter 4.6 The Boltzmann Equation for Baryons 4.7 Summary Exercises 5 Einstein Equations 5.1 The Perturbed Ricci Tensor and Scalar 5.1.1 Christoffel Symbols 5.1.2 Ricci Tensor 5.2 Two Components of the Einstein Equations 5.3 Tensor Perturbations 5.3.1 Christoffel Symbols for Tensor Perturbations 5.3.2 Ricci Tensor for Tensor Perturbations 5.3.3 Einstein Equations for Tensor Perturbations 5.4 The Decomposition Theorem 5.5 From Gauge to Gauge 5.6 Summary Exercises 6 Initial Conditions 6.1 The Einstein-Boltzmann Equations at Early Times 6.2 The Horizon 6.3 Inflation 6.3.1 A Solution to the Horizon Problem 6.3.2 Negative Pressure 6.3.3 Implementation with a Scalar Field 6.4 Gravity Wave Production 6.4.1 Quantizing the Harmonic Oscillator 6.4.2 Tensor Perturbations 6.5 Scalar Perturbations 6.5.1 Scalar Field Perturbations around a Smooth Background 6.5.2 Super-Horizon Perturbations 6.5.3 Spatially Flat Slicing 6.6 Summary and Spectral Indices Exercises 7 Inhomogeneities 7.1 Prelude 7.1.1 Three Stages of Evolution 7.1.2 Method 7.2 Large Scales 7.2.1 Super-horizon Solution 7.2.2 Through Horizon Crossing 7.3 Small Scales 7.3.1 Horizon Crossing 7.3.2 Sub-horizon Evolution 7.4 Numerical Results and Fits 7.5 Growth Function 7.6 Beyond Cold Dark Matter 7.6.1 Baryons 7.6.2 Massive Neutrinos 7.6.3 Dark Energy Exercises 8 Anisotropies 8.1 Overview 8.2 Large-Scale Anisotropies 8.3 Acoustic Oscillations 8.3.1 Tightly Coupled Limit of the Boltzmann Equations 8.3.2 Tightly Coupled Solutions 8.4 Diffusion Damping 8.5 Inhomogeneities to Anisotropies 8.5.1 Free Streaming 8.5.2 The Cls 8.6 The Anisotropy Spectrum Today 8.6.1 Sachs-Wolfe Effect 8.6.2 Small Scales 8.7 Cosmological Parameters 8.7.1 Curvature 8.7.2 Degenerate Parameters 8.7.3 Distinct Imprints Exercises 9 Probes of Inhomogeneities 9.1 Angular Correlations 9.2 Peculiar Velocities 9.3 Direct Measurements of Peculiar Velocities 9.4 Redshift Space Distortions 9.5 Galaxy Clusters Exercises 10 Weak Lensing and Polarization 10.1 Gravitational Distortion of Images 10.2 GeodesiCs and Shear 10.3 Ellipticity as an Estimator of Shear 10.4 Weak Lensing Power Spectrum 10.5 Polarization: The Quadrupole and the Q/U DecompositioI 10.6 Polarization from a Single Plane Wave 10.7 Boltzmann Solution 10.8 Polarization Power Spectra 10.9 Detecting Gravity Waves Exercises 11 Analysis 11.1 The Likelihood Function 11.1.1 Simple Example 11.1.2 CMB Likelihood 11.1.3 Galaxy Surveys 11.2 Signal Covariance Matrix 11.2.1 CMB Window Functions 11.2.2 Examples of CMB Window Functions 11.2.3 Window Functions for Galaxy Surveys 11.2.4 Summary 11.3 Estimating the Likelihood Function 11.3.1 Karhunen-Loeve Techniques 11.3.2 Optimal Quadratic Estimator 11.4 The Fisher Matrix: Limits and Applications 11.4.1 CMB 11.4.2 Galaxy Surveys 11.4.3 Forecasting 11.5 Mapmaking and Inversion 11.6 Systematics 11.6.1 Foregrounds 11.6.2 Mode Subtraction Exercises A Solutions to Selected Problems B Numbers B.1 Physical Constants B.2 Cosmological Constants C Special Functions C.1 Legendre Polynomials C.2 Spherical Harmonics C.3 Spherical Bessel Functions C.4 Fourier Transforms C.5 Miscellaneous D Symbols Bibliography Index |
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