| Chapter 1 General Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Definition of polar low 1.3 Review of polar low study in past 1.4 The main achievements of polar low study 1.5 Polar lows over the Japan Sea 1.6 The purpose of the present study Chapter 2 General Features of polar Lows over the Japan Sea and the Northwestern Pacific 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Data source and outline of analysis 2.3 Statistical features of polar lows in winter of 1995/1996 2.4 Characteristics of large-scale environmental conditions related to the formation of polar low 2.5 Comparison of features of polar olws over the Japan Sea and other areas 2.6 Summary Chapter 3 A Case Study of Polar Low over the Janpan Sea on 26 February 1996 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Sources of analysis data 3.3 The evolution and structure of polar low 3.4 The characteristics of underlying SST 3.5 The effect of the Changbai Mountain topography 3.6 Summary Chapter 4 Numerical Simulation and Experiment by Using JSM 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The full-physics simulation 4.3 The numerical experiments 4.4 Other discussions 4.5 Summary Chapter 5 An Isolated Polar Low over the Japan SEa on 21 January 1997 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Observational analysis 5.3 Numerical simulation of RSM 5.4 MRI-NHM simulation nested within RSM 5.5 Summary Chapter 6 Multiple Polar Lows on 11 February 1997 6.1 Intrdouction 6.2 Observational analysis 6.3 Numerical simulation of RSM 6.4 Summary Chapter 7 Discussion and Summary 7.1 Discussions 7.2 General summary 7.3 Epilogue Appendix-A IPV Appendix-B The energy fluxes across the domain boundaries Appendix-C Increase of eddy kinetic energy due to the convergence of mean flow field v References List of figures List of tables Index list of abbreviations and acronyms |
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