圆明园四十景图咏(套装共4册)

《圆明园四十景图咏》内容简介：圆明园位于北京中心城区西北，始建于清康熙四十六年（1707年），在此后五位帝王的统治年间，尤其是雍正和乾隆年间，屡有修葺扩建，终于建成了一座规模空前的皇家园林。从雍正到咸丰五朝皇帝，都曾长期居住园内悠游享乐，并处理政务。圆明园与紫禁城同时成为当时全国的政治中心。
圆明园由圆明、长春、绮春三座紧相毗连的园林组成，通称为圆明园。园林占地约350公顷，其中水域面积占40%，规模宏伟，景色秀丽，拥有140余处景点，是当时世界上最大的皇家园林，有“万园之园”和“东方威尼斯”的美誉。
A Brief Introduction of Yuan Ming Yuan (Ⅰ)
Yuan Ming Yuan (Garden of Perfection and Brightness), located on the northwestern suburbs of Beijing, was first built in 1707, or the 46th under Emperor Kangxi’s reign during the Qing Dynasty. Repeated expansions conducted by his five generations of successors, especially Yongzheng and Qianlong, resulted in an imperial garden of unprecedented scale. Emperors Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, and Xianfeng had all lived in this garden on a permanent basis. While they enjoyed life there, they also handled stated affairs. Like the Forbidden City, Yuan Ming Yuan had become another political center of China at the time.
Yuan Ming Yuan had an area of 350 hectares, 40 per cent of which was covered by water, and it was a collective name of Yuan Ming Yuan, Chang Chun Yuan (Garden of Eternal Spring) and Qi Chun Yuan (Garden of Blossoming Spring). It was once boasted the largest royal garden in the world with its more than 140 scenic attractions, and extolled as the “Garden of All Gardens” and “Versailles of the Orient” in its heydays.
圆明园继承了中国三千多年的优秀造园传统，兼有宫廷建筑的雍容华贵、江南水乡园林的委婉多姿和欧洲园林的建筑风格，在整体布局上使人感到和谐完美。
遗憾的是，这座堪称世界之冠的皇家园林，却于1860 年10 月惨遭英法联军野蛮的劫掠焚毁。1900年，八国联军再次洗劫了圆明园，使园内建筑和古树名木遭到彻底毁灭，一代名园最终沦为一片废墟。这是世界文明史上的一场浩劫。
如今，圆明园遗址已经得到重点保护，并在原处建立了遗址公园。原有的部分建筑和景点得以修复，圆明园遗址公园已成为人们游览休憩的场所。
Based on China’s fine traditions of building gardens over past 3,000 years, Yuan Ming Yuan boasted both glorious manner of imperial architecture and elegant manner of watery gardens in south China, as well as European architectural style, integrating diversified styles into one, giving a sense of harmony and perfection in terms of overall layout.
In 1860, unfortunately, Anglo-French Allied Forces sacked and looted Yuan Ming Yuan, and burned it to the ground. A world-famous garden was thus reduced to ruins. In 1900, the Eight-Power Allied Forces made further damage to this garden. The invaders took away everything valuable. Experienced a number of destructions and robberies afterwards, it finally fell into ruins, its former beauty and glory no more, the entire garden lay in clusters of ruins and debris. Only does the stone and marble remains of fountains and columns hint at how fascinating the original must once have been.
Today, a park was established at the site, and some of the original structures and scenic spots have been restored. Yuan Ming Yuan has become a place for people to relax and promenade in summer.
圆明园四十景，是指圆明园内独成格局的40处园林风景群。“圆明园四十景图咏”于乾隆元年（1736年），由宫廷画师沈源、唐岱遵照乾隆旨意依据圆明园实景绘制，历时11载而成。
“四十景图”以写实的手法描绘了圆明园鼎盛时期建筑和园林的风貌；“四十景诗”则以序和诗的形式揭示了圆明园四十景的历史、政治和文化内涵。诗中有画，画中有诗，诗画结合，相得益彰。“圆明园四十景图咏”是人们了解、认识圆明园原有风貌最直观、最形象的文化遗存，原绢本彩绘仅存一套，现藏于法国巴黎国家图书馆。
The Illustrated Odes to the Forty Scenes of the Garden of Perfect Brightness was painted in 1736, the first year under Qianlong’s reign, by royal painters Shen Yuan and Tang Dai, following Emperor Qianlng’s order. These forty scenes in Garden of Perfect Brightness refer to the 40 separate sceneries in the garden, each of which is a small garden by itself. It took more than 11 years to finish the work, testifying how difficult it is to make the painting.
The Illustrated Odes to the Forty Scenes of the Garden of Perfect Brightness recorded the past glory of this imperial garden and is the most visual and easy way to understand original look of the park. The 40 paintings depicted building and garden’s original look during its heyday in realistic manner; while the poems narrated the history, political and cultural meanings of scenes. The poem and painting complement each other, as a whole, the masterpiece becomes even more inspiring. It is now housed in the National Library of France in Paris.