| CHRISTOPHER PETHICK graduated with a D.Phil. in 1965 from the University of Oxford, and he had a research fellowship there until 1970. During the years 1966-69 he was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he joined the faculty in 1970, becoming Professor of Physics in 1973. Following periods spent at the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Moscow and at Nordita (Nordic Institute for Theoretical Phys.. << 查看详细 |
| preface . 1 introduction 1.1 bose-einstein condensation in atomic clouds 1.2 superfluid 4he 1.3 other condensates 1.4 overview problems references 2 the non-interacting bose gas 2.1 the bose distribution 2.1.1 density of states 2.2 transition temperature and condensate fraction 2.2.1 condensate fraction 2.3 density profile and velocity distribution 2.3.1 the semi-classical distribution 2.4 thermodynamic quantities 2.4.1 condensed phase 2.4.2 normal phase 2.4.3 specific heat close to tc 2.5 effect of finite particle number .2.6 lower-dimensional systems problems references 3 atomic properties 3.1 atomic structure 3.2 the zeeman effect 3.3 response to an electric field 3.4 energy scales problems references 4 trapping and cooling of atoms 4.1 magnetic traps 4.1.1 the quadrupole trap 4.1.2 the top trap 4.1.3 magnetic bottles and the ioffe-pritchard trap 4.2 influence of laser light on an atom 4.2.1 forces on an atom in a laser field 4.2.2 optical traps 4.3 laser cooling: the doppler process 4.4 the magneto-optical trap 4.5 sisyphus cooling 4.6 evaporative cooling 4.7 spin-polarized hydrogen problems references 5 interactions between atoms 5.1 interatomic potentials and the van der waals interaction 5.2 basic scattering theory 5.2.1 effective interactions and the scattering length 5.3 scattering length for a model potential 5.4 scattering between different internal states 5.4.1 inelastic processes 5.4.2 elastic scattering and feshbach resonances 5.5 determination of scattering lengths 5.5.1 scattering lengths for alkali atoms and hydrogen problems references 6 theory of the condensed state 6.1 the gross-pitaevskii equation 6.2 the ground state for trapped bosons 6.2.1 a variational calculation 6.2.2 the thomas-fermi approximation 6.3 surface structure of clouds 6.4 healing of the condensate wave function problems references 7 dynamics of the condensate 7.1 general formulation 7.1.1 the hydrodynamic equations 7.2 elementary excitations 7.3 collective modes in traps 7.3.1 traps with spherical symmetry 7.3.2 anisotropic traps 7.3.3 collective coordinates and the variational method 7.4 surface modes 7.5 free expansion of the condensate 7.6 solitons problems references 8 microscopic theory of the bose gas 8.1 excitations in a uniform gas 8.1.1 the bogoliubov transformation 8.1.2 elementary excitations 8.2 excitations in a trapped gas 8.2.1 weak coupling 8.3 non-zero temperature 8.3.1 the hartree-fock approximation .. 8.3.2 the popov approximation 8.3.3 excitations in non-uniform gases 8.3.4 the semi-classical approximation 8.4 collisional shifts of spectral lines problems references 9 rotating condensates 9.1 potential flow and quantized circulation 9.2 structure of a single vortex 9.2.1 a vortex in a uniform medium 9.2.2 a vortex in a trapped cloud 9.2.3 off-axis vortices 9.3 equilibrium of rotating condensates 9.3.1 traps with an axis of symmetry 9.3.2 rotating traps 9.4 vortex motion 9.4.1 force on a vortex line 9.5 the weakly-interacting bose gas under rotation problems references 10 superfiuidity 10.1 the landau criterion 10.2 the two-component picture 10.2.1 momentum carried by excitations 10.2.2 normal fluid density 10.3 dynamical processes 10.4 first and second sound 10.5 interactions between excitations 10.5.1 landau damping problems references 11 trapped clouds at non-zero temperature 11.1 equilibrium properties 11.1.1 energy scales 11.1.2 transition temperature 11.1.3 thermodynamic properties 11.2 collective modes 11.2.1 hydrodynamic modes above tc 11.3 collisional relaxation above tc 11.3.1 relaxation of temperature anisotropies 11.3.2 damping of oscillations problems references 12 mixtures and spinor condensates 12.1 mixtures 12.1.1 equilibrium properties 12.1.2 collective modes 12.2 spinor condensates 12.2.1 mean-field description 12.2.2 beyond the mean-field approximation problems references 13 interference and correlations 13.1 interference of two condensates 13.1.1 phase-locked sources 13.1.2 clouds with definite particle number 13.2 density correlations in bose gases 13.3 coherent matter wave optics 13.4 the atom laser 13.5 the criterion for bose-einstein condensation 13.5.1 fragmented condensates problems references 14 fermions 14.1 equilibrium properties 14.2 effects of interactions 14.3 superfiuidity 14.3.1 transition temperature 14.3.2 induced interactions 14.3.3 the condensed phase 14.4 boson-fermion mixtures 14.4.1 induced interactions in mixtures 14.5 collective modes of fermi superfiuids problems references appendix. fundamental constants and conversion factors index ... |
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