Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Elements of a Digital Communication
System
1.2 Communication Channels and Their
Characteristics
1.3 Mathematical Models for Communication
Channels
1.4 A Historical Perspective in the Development of
Digital
ommunications
Chapter 2 Deterministic and Random Signal
Analysis
2.1 Representation of Bandpass Signals and
Systems
2.1–1 Representation of Bandpass Signals/ 2.1–2 Response of a
Bandpass System to a Bandpass Signal
2.2 Signal Space Representation of
Waveforms
2.2–1 Vector Space Concepts / 2.2–2 Signal Space Concepts / 2.2–3
Orthogonal Expansions of Signals /2.2–4 Gram-Schmidt
Procedure
2.3 Some Useful Random
Variables
2.4 Random
Processes
2.4–1 Wide-Sense Stationary Random Processes /2.4–2
Cyclostationary Random Processes
2.5 Series Expansion of Random
Processes
2.5–1 Sampling Theorem for Band-Limited RandomProcesses /2.5–2 The
Karhunen-Lo`eve Expansion
2.6 Bandpass Stationary Stochastic
Processes
Problems
Chapter 3 Digital Modulation
Schemes
3.1 Representation of Digitally Modulated
Signals
3.2 Memoryless Modulation
Methods
3.2–1 Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) / 3.2–2 Phase Modulation /
3.2–3 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation /3.2–4 Multidimensional
Signaling
3.3 Signaling Schemes with
Memory
3.3–1 Continuous-Phase Frequency-Shift Keying(CPFSK) /
3.3–2 Continuous-Phase Modulation (CPM)
3.4 Power Spectrum of Digitally Modulated
Signals
3.4–1 Power Spectral Density of a Digitally Modulated
Signalwith
Memory / 3.4–2 Power Spectral Density of LinearlyModulated
Signals / 3.4–3 Power Spectral Density ofDigitally Modulated
Signals with Finite Memory / 3.4–4Power Spectral Density of
Modulation Schemes with a MarkovStructure / 3.4–5 Power
Spectral Densities of CPFSK and CPM Signals
Problems
Chapter 4 Optimum Receivers for AWGN
Channels
4.1 Waveform and Vector Channel
Models
4.1–1 Optimal Detection for a General Vector Channel
4.2 Waveform and Vector AWGN
Channels
4.2–1 Optimal Detection for the Vector AWGN Channel /4.2–2
Implementation of the Optimal Receiver for AWGN Channels / 4.2–3 A
Union Bound on the Probability of Error of Maximum Likelihood
Detection
4.3 Optimal Detection and Error Probability for Band-Limited
Signaling
4.3–1 Optimal Detection and Error Probability for ASK or
PAM Signaling / 4.3–2 Optimal Detection and Error
Probability
for PSK Signaling / 4.3–3 Optimal Detection and Error
Probability
for QAM Signaling / 4.3–4 Demodulation and Detection
4.4 Optimal Detection and Error Probability for
Power-Limited
Signaling
4.4–1 Optimal Detection and Error Probability for Orthogonal
Signaling / 4.4–2 Optimal Detection and Error Probability
for
Biorthogonal Signaling / 4.4–3 Optimal Detection and Error
Probability for Simplex Signaling
4.5 Optimal Detection in Presence of Uncertainty:
Noncoherent
Detection
4.5–1 Noncoherent Detection of Carrier Modulated Signals /4.5–2
Optimal Noncoherent Detection of FSK Modulated Signals / 4.5–3
Error Probability of Orthogonal Signaling with Noncoherent
Detection / 4.5–4 Probability of Error for Envelope Detection of
Correlated Binary Signals /4.5–5 Differential PSK (DPSK)
4.6 A Comparison of Digital Signaling
Methods
4.6–1 Bandwidth and Dimensionality
4.7 Lattices and Constellations Based on
Lattices
4.7–1 An Introduction to Lattices / 4.7–2 Signal Constellations
from Lattices
4.8 Detection of Signaling Schemes with
Memory
4.8–1 The Maximum Likelihood Sequence Detector
4.9 Optimum Receiver for CPM
Signals
4.9–1 Optimum Demodulation and Detection of CPM /4.9–2 Performance
of CPM Signals / 4.9–3 Suboptimum Demodulation and Detection of CPM
Signals
Problems
Chapter 5 Carrier and Symbol
Synchronization
5.1 Signal Parameter
Estimation
5.1–1 The Likelihood Function / 5.1–2 Carrier Recovery and
Symbol Synchronization in Signal Demodulation
5.2 Carrier Phase
Estimation
5.2–1 Maximum-Likelihood Carrier Phase Estimation /5.2–2 The
Phase-Locked Loop / 5.2–3 Effect of AdditiveNoise on the Phase
Estimate / 5.2–4 Decision-Directed Loops / 5.2–5
Non-Decision-Directed Loops
5.3 Symbol Timing
Estimation
5.3–1 Maximum-Likelihood Timing Estimation /5.3–2
Non-Decision-Directed Timing Estimation
5.4 Joint Estimation of Carrier Phase and Symbol
Timing
5.5 Performance Characteristics of ML
Estimators
Problems
Chapter 6 Digital Communication Through Band-Limited
Channels
6.1 Characterization of Band-Limited
Channels
6.2 Signal Design for Band-Limited
Channels
6.2–1 Design of Band-Limited Signals for No Intersymbol
Interference—The Nyquist Criterion / 6.2–2 Design of Band-Limited
Signals with Controlled ISI—Partial-Response Signals / 6.2–3 Data
Detection for Controlled ISI /6.2–4 Signal Design for Channels with
Distortion
6.3 Optimum Receiver for Channels with ISI and
AWGN
6.3–1 Optimum Maximum-Likelihood Receiver /6.3–2 A Discrete-Time
Model for a Channel with ISI /6.3–3 Maximum-Likelihood Sequence
Estimation (MLSE)
for the Discrete-Time White Noise Filter Model
6.4 Linear
Equalization
6.4–1 Peak Distortion Criterion /6.4–2 Mean-Square-Error (MSE)
Criterion /
6.4–3 Performance Characteristics of the MSE Equalizer /6.4–4
Fractionally Spaced Equalizers /6.4–5 Baseband and Passband Linear
Equalizers
6.5 Decision-Feedback
Equalization
6.5–1 Coefficient Optimization /6.5–2 Performance Characteristics
of DFE
6.6 Reduced Complexity ML
Detectors
Problems
Chapter 7 Adaptive
Equalization
7.1 Adaptive Linear
Equalizer
7.1–1 The Zero-Forcing Algorithm /7.1–2 The LMS Algorithm /7.1–3
Convergence Properties of the LMS Algorithm /7.1–4 Excess MSE due
to Noisy Gradient Estimates /7.1–5 Accelerating the Initial
Convergence Rate
in the LMS Algorithm / 7.1–6 Adaptive Fractionally Spaced
Equalizer—The Tap Leakage Algorithm /7.1–7 An Adaptive Channel
Estimator for ML
Sequence Detection
7.2 Adaptive Decision-Feedback
Equalizer
7.3 Recursive Least-Squares Algorithms for Adaptive
Equalization
7.3–1 Recursive Least-Squares (Kalman) Algorithm /7.3–2 Linear
Prediction and the Lattice Filter
Problems
Chapter 8 Multichannel and Multicarrier
Systems
8.1 Multichannel Digital Communications in AWGN
Channels
8.1–1 Binary Signals / 8.1–2 M-ary Orthogonal Signals
8.2 Multicarrier
Communications
8.2–1 Single-Carrier Versus Multicarrier Modulation /8.2–2
Capacity of a Nonideal Linear Filter Channel /8.2–3 Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) /8.2–4 Modulation and
Demodulation in an OFDM System /
8.2–5 An FFT Algorithm Implementation of an OFDM System /8.2–6
Spectral Characteristics of Multicarrier Signals /8.2–7 Bit and
Power Allocation in Multicarrier Modulation /8.2–8 Peak-to-Average
Ratio in Multicarrier Modulation /8.2–9 Channel Coding
Considerations in Multicarrier Modulation
Problems
Chapter 9 Spread Spectrum Signals for Digital
Communications
9.1 Model of Spread Spectrum Digital Communication
System
9.2 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
Signals
9.2–1 Error Rate Performance of the Decoder /9.2–2 Some
Applications of DS Spread Spectrum Signals /9.2–3 Effect of Pulsed
Interference on DS Spread Spectrum Systems / 9.2–4 Excision of
Narrowband Interference in DS Spread Spectrum Systems / 9.2–5
Generation of PN Sequences
9.3 Frequency-Hopped Spread Spectrum
Signals
9.3–1 Performance of FH Spread Spectrum Signals in an
AWGN Channel / 9.3–2 Performance of FH Spread Spectrum
Signals in Partial-Band Interference / 9.3–3 A CDMA System
Based on FH Spread Spectrum Signals
9.4 Other Types of Spread Spectrum
Signals
Problems
Chapter 10 Fading Channels : Characterization and
Signaling
10.1 Characterization of Fading Multipath
Channels
10.1–1 Channel Correlation Functions and Power Spectra /
10.1–2 Statistical Models for Fading Channels
10.2 The Effect of Signal Characteristics on the Choice of a
Channel
Model
10.3 Frequency-Nonselective, Slowly Fading
Channel
10.4 Diversity Techniques for Fading Multipath
Channels
10.4–1 Binary Signals / 10.4–2 Multiphase Signals /10.4–3 M-ary
Orthogonal Signals
10.5 Signaling over a Frequency-Selective, Slowly Fading
Channel:
The RAKE
emodulator
10.5–1 A Tapped-Delay-Line Channel Model / 10.5–2 The RAKE
Demodulator / 10.5–3 Performance of RAKE Demodulator / 10.5–4
Receiver Structures for Channels with Intersymbol
Interference
10.6 Multicarrier Modulation
(OFDM)
10.6–1 Performance Degradation of an OFDM System due to Doppler
Spreading / 10.6–2 Suppression of ICI in OFDM Systems
Problems
Chapter 11 Multiple-Antenna
Systems
11.1 Channel Models for Multiple-Antenna
Systems
11.1–1 Signal Transmission Through a Slow Fading
Frequency-Nonselective MIMO Channel / 11.1–2 Detection of Data
Symbols in a MIMO System / 11.1–3 Signal
Transmission Through a Slow Fading Frequency-Selective MIMO
Channel
11.2 Spread Spectrum Signals and Multicode
Transmission
11.2–1 Orthogonal Spreading Sequences /11.2–2 Multiplexing Gain
Versus Diversity Gain /11.2–3 Multicode MIMO Systems
Problems
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