
| Acknowledgements Preface Acronyms 1 Prolegomena PART ONE The history of the objective language test 2 The encroaching power of examinations 3 The new-type language test:1913-1935 4 Spreading the psychometric hegemony 5 New technologies and consumer protection 6 Language testing goes to war:1940-145 7 Prognostication and aptitued:1925-1960 8 Language testing in the national interest 9 Testing goes professional 10 Language testing triumphant:1954-1965 11 English tests for foreigners:1945-1960 12 The idea of TOEFL 13 TOEFL: gestation 14 The birth of TOEFL 15 Action in the boardrooms |
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