The Story of Philosophy 哲学的故事 9780671739164

A brilliant and concise account of the lives and ideas of the great philosophers--Plato, Aristotle, Bacon, Spinoza, Voltaire, Kant, Schopenhauer, Spencer, Nietzsche, Bergson, Croce, Russell, Santayana, James and Dewey--The Story of Philosophy is one of the great books of our time. The Story of Philosophy is a key book for any reader who wishes to survey the history and development of philosophical ideas in the Western world.

　　The Story of Philosophy chronicles the ideas of the great thinkers, the economic and intellectual environments which influenced them, and the personal traits and adventures out of which each philosophy grew.

WILL DURANT (1885-1981) was awarded the Pulitzer Prize (1968) and the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1977). He spent over fifty years writing his critically acclaimed eleven-volume series, The Story of Civilization (the later volumes written in conjunction with his wife, Ariel). A champion of human rights issues such as the brotherhood of man and social reform long before such issues were popular, Durant, through his writings, continues to educate and entertain readers the world over.

Preface to the Second Edition
To the Reader
Introduction: On the Uses of Philosophy
Chapter 1: Plato
　I. The Context of Plato 1
　II. Socrates
　III. The Preparation of Plato
　IV. The Ethical Problem
　V. The Political Problem
　VI. The Psychological Problem
　VII. The Psychological Solution
　VIII. The Political Solution
　IX. The Ethical Solution
　X. Criticism
Chapter 2: Aristotle and Greek Science
　I. The Historical Background
　II. The Work of Aristotle
　III. The Foundation of Logic
　IV. The Organization of Science
　　1. Greek Science before Aristotle
　　2. Aristotle as a Naturalist
　　3. The Foundation of Biology
　V. Metaphysics and the Nature of God
　VI. Psychology and the Nature of Art
　VII. Ethics and the Nature of Happiness
　VIII. Politics
　　1. Communism and Conservatism
　　2. Marriage and Education
　　3. Democracy and Aristocracy
　IX. Criticism
　X. Later Life and Death
Chapter 3: Francis Bacon
　I. From Aristotle to the Renaissance
　II. The Political Career of Francis Bacon
　III. The Essays
　IV. The Great Reconstruction
　　1. The Advancement of Learning
　　2. The New Organon
　　3. The Utopia of Science
　V. Criticism
　VI. Epilogue
Chapter 4: Spinoza
　I. Historical and Biographical
　　1. The Odyssey of the Jews
　　2. The Education of Spinoza
　　3. Excommunication
　　4. Retirement and Death
　II. The Treatise on Religion and the State
　III. The Improvement of the Intellect
　IV. The Ethics
　　1. Nature and God
　　2. Matter and Mind
　　3. Intelligence and Morals
　　4. Religion and Immortality
　V. The Political Treatise
　VI. The Influence of Spinoza
Chapter 5: Voltaire and the French Enlightenment
　I. Paris: ?dipe
　II. London: Letters on the English
　III. Cirey: The Romances
　IV. Potsdam and Frederick
　V. Les Délices: The Essay on Morals
　VI. Ferney: Candide
　VII. The Encyclopedia and the Philosophic Dictionary
　VIII. ?crasez l'Infame
　IX. Voltaire and Rousseau
　X. Dénouement
Chapter 6: Immanuel Kant and German Idealism
　I. Roads to Kant
　　1. From Voltaire to Kant
　　2. From Locke to Kant
　　3. From Rousseau to Kant
　II. Kant Himself
　III. The Critique of Pure Reason
　　1. Transcendental Esthetic
　　2. Transcendental Analytic
　　3. Transcendental Dialectic
　IV. The Critique of Practical Reason
　V. On Religion and Reason
　VI. On Politics and Eternal Peace
　VII. Criticism and Estimate
　VIII. A Note on Hegel
Chapter 7: Schopenhauer
　I. The Age
　II. The Man
　III. The World as Idea
　IV. The World as Will
　　1. The Will to Live
　　2. The Will to Reproduce
　V. The World as Evil
　VI. The Wisdom of Life
　　1. Philosophy
　　2. Genius
　　3. Art
　　4. Religion
　VII. The Wisdom of Death
　VIII. Criticism
Chapter 8: Herbert Spencer
　I. Comte and Darwin
　II. The Development of Spencer
　III. First Principles
　　1. The Unknowable
　　2. Evolution
　IV. Biology: The Evolution of Life
　V. Psychology: The Evolution of Mind
　VI. Sociology: The Evolution of Society
　VII. Ethics: The Evolution of Morals
　VIII. Criticism
　　1. First Principles
　　2. Biology and Psychology
　　3. Sociology and Ethics
　IX. Conclusion
Chapter 9: Friedrich Nietzsche
　I. The Lineage of Nietzsche
　II. Youth
　III. Nietzsche and Wagner
　IV. The Song of Zarathustra
　V. Hero-Morality
　VI. The Superman
　VII. Decadence
　VIII. Aristocracy
　IX. Criticism
　X. Finale
Chapter 10: Contemporary European Philosophers
　I. Henri Bergson
　　1. The Revolt Against Materialism
　　2. Mind and Brain
　　3. Creative Evolution
　　4. Criticism
　II. Benedetto Croce
　　1. The Man
　　2. The Philosophy of the Spirit
　　3. What Is Beauty?
　　4. Criticism
　III. Bertrand Russell
　　1. The Logician
　　2. The Reformer
　　3. Epilogue
Chapter 11: Contemporary American Philosophers Introduction
　I. George Santayana
　　1. Biographical
　　2. Scepticism and Animal Faith
　　3. Reason in Science
　　4. Reason in Religion
　　5. Reason in Society
　　6. Comment
　II. William James
　　1. Personal
　　2. Pragmatism
　　3. Pluralism
　　4. Comment
　III. John Dewey
　　1. Education
　　2. Instrumentalism
　　3. Science and Politics
Conclusion
Glossary
Index