实用英语语言学

.2.1.4 classification of english speech sounds
2.2 phonology
2.2.1 what is phonology?
2.2.2 phone, phoneme, and allophone
2.2.3 phonemic contrast, complementary distribution, and minimal pair
2.2.4 some rules in phonology
2.2.5 suprasegmental features
exercises
further reading
references
chapter 3 morphology
3.1 what is morphology?
3.1.1 morpheme
3.1.2 morphemes and syllables
3.1.3 types of morphemes
3.2 what is word?
3.2.1 word class
3.2.2 word formation process
3.2.3 collocation
exercises
further reading
references
chapter 4 syntax
4.1 what is syntax?
4.1.1 word-level categories
4.1.2 phrase categories
4.1.3 phrase structure rule
4.1.4 sentences (the s rule)
4.2 the process of syntax
4.2.1 the traditional approach
4.2.2 the structural approach
4.2.3 the generative approach
4.2.4 the functional approach
exercises
further reading
references
chapter 5 meaning
5.1 semantics
5.1.1 the study of meaning
5.1.2 major sense relations between words
5.1.3 major sense relations between sentences
5.1.4 analysis of meaning
5.2 pragmatics
5.2.1 what is pragmatics?
5.2.2 pragmatics vs.semantics
5.2.3 speech act theory
5.2.4 principle of conversation
5.2.5 conversational analysis
exercises
further reading
references
chapter 6 schools of modern linguistics
6.1 ferdinand de saussure
6.1.1 saussure and his book
6.1.2 saussure's linguistic theories
6.2 american structuralism
6.2.1 franz boas
6.2.2 edward sapir
6.2.3 leonard bloomfield
6.3 the prague school
6.3.1 phonological oppositions
6.3.2 functional sentence perspective (fsp)
6.4 the london school
6.4.1 malinowski's theories
6.4.2 firth's theories
6.4.3 halliday and systemic-functional grammar
6.5 noam chomsky and transformational-generative grammar
6.5.1 noam chomsky
6.5.2 chomsky's innateness hypothesis
6.5.3 transformational-generative grammar
6.6 cognitive linguistics
6.6.1 the nature of cognitive linguistics
6.6.2 cognitive semantics and cognitive approaches to grammar
exercises
further reading
references
chapter 7 language acquisition
7.1 first language acquisition
7.1.1 a behaviorist view of first language acquisition
7.1.2 a nativist view of first language acquisition
7.1.3 an interactionist view of first language acquisition
7.2 second language acquisition
7.2.1 contrastive analysis
7.2.2 error analysis
7.2.3 interlanguage
7.2.4 communicative competence
7.2.5 communication strategies in l2 use
7.2.6 individual learner differences
exercises
further reading
references
chapter 8 language and culture
8.1 what is culture?
8.1.1 definition
8.1.2 cultural images
8.1.3 functions and characteristics of culture
8.2 language and culture
8.2.1 the relation between language and culture
8.2.2 linguistic evidence of cultural differences
8.2.3 language-cultural teaching and learning
exercises
further reading
references
chapter 9 language and style
9.1 the definition of stylistics
9.2 the definition of style
9.2.1 style as the man
9.2.2 style as choice
9.2.3 style as deviation
9.2.4 style as foregrounding
9.3 deviation
9.3.1 phonological deviation
9.3.2 graphological deviation
9.3.3 lexical deviation
9.3.4 grammatical deviation
9.3.5 semantic deviation
9.4 overregularity
9.4.1 phonological overregularity
9.4.2 lexical and grammatical overregularity
exercises
further reading
references