| Written in modern scientific language, Acupuncture Therapy for Neu-rological Diseases A Neurobiological View discusses current research,applying multiple neuroscience approaches, on the effect of acupunctureon neurological diseases and the underlying mechanisms. Apart from basicprinciples of acupuncture, topics include acupuncture analgesia, acupunc-ture-drug balanced anesthesia, acute and chronic body pain, stroke, car-diac diseases, hypertension, hypoteusion, epilepsy, neuroimmuno suppres-sion, female infertility, menopausal & perimenopausal syndrome, smoking,depression, and drug addiction. Each chapter is written by experts in thefield, This unique book provides a broad perspective on the principles ofacupuncture for acupuncture researchers and neuroscientists. It summa-rizes clinical applications of various acupoints and optimal conditions inthe treatment of neurological diseases. For a medical student, this book isa modern course in ancient Traditional Chinese Medicine, especially acu-puncture. |
| Dr. Ying Xia is Associate Professor at Yale University School of Medicineand Guest Professor at Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture andMeridians. Drs. Xiaoding Cao, Gencheng Wu and lieshi Cheng areProfessors in the State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology andDepartment of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Shanghai MedicalCollege of Fudan University. |
| Introduction to the Editors Contributors. 1 History of Modern Acupuncture Research in China 1.1 Acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine 1.l.1 The Channels and Collaterals 1.1.2 Acupoints 1.1.3 General Principles of Acupuncture Treatment 1.2 Modem Developments in Acupuncture Treatment 1.3 Acupuncture Research at Shanghai Medical University 1.3.1 Relationship Between the Meridian-Points and Peripheral Nerves 1.3.2 Acupuncture Analgesia and Acupuncture Anesthesia 1.3.3 Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Acupuncture on Neurological Disorders 1.4 Concluding Remarks References 2 Neuroanatomic Basis of Acupuncture Points 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Phenomena of Meridians and Acupoints 2.2.1 Theory of Meridians， Collaterals， and Acupoints 2.2.2 Relatively Specific Effects of Acupoints 2.2.3 Unique Physiological Features of Acupoints 2.2.4 Relatively Specific Anatomical Structures of Acupoints 2.3 Neuroanatomic Structure of Acupoints 2.3.1 Gross Anatomical Observation of Meridians and Acupoints 2.3.2 General Histological Features of Acupoints 2.3.3 Microanatomic Examination of Acupoints 2.3.4 Morphological Basis of Sensation of Acupuncture at Acupoints 2.3.5 Other Morphologic Research on Acupoint 2.4 Neural Connection Between Meridian-Point and Viscus 2.4.1 Segmental Nerve Innervation Between Meridian-Points and Viscera 2.4.2 Convergence of Afferent Signals of Meridian-Points and Viscera in the Central Nervous System 2.5 Afferent Nerve Fibers and Afferent Pathway of Acupuncture Signal 2.5.1 Acupuncture Signal and Afferent Nerve Fibers 2.5.2 Acupuncture Signal Transmission Pathway 2.6 Concluding Remarks Acknowledgements References 3 Neural Transmission of Acupuncture Signal 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Initiation of Acupuncture Signal 3.2.1 Acupoint-Selection Impact on the Pattern of Brain-Area Activity 3.2.2 Acupuncture Modality： Manual or Electrical? 3.2.3 Wave Forms， Frequency， Intensity， and Timing 3.2.4 Transduction of Acupuncture Signal in the Afferent Nerves. 3.3 Integration of Acupuncture Signal in the Central Nervous System. 3.3.1 Integration of Nociceptive and Acupuncture Signals in the Spinal Cord and the Gate Control Theory 3.3.2 Effects of Brainstem and Descending Control on Acupuncture Analgesia 3.3.3 The Limbic System and Acupuncture Analgesia 3.4 Neurobiological Mechanism of Acupuncture in Autonomic Nervous System 3.4.1 Structure and Function of Autonomic Nervous System 3.4.2 Acupuncture Signal Regulating Activation of Autonomic Nervous System 3.4.3 Therapeutic Effects of Acupuncture Mediated Through Autonomic Nervous System 3.5 Concluding Remarks Acknowledgements References 4 Acupuncture-Induced Activation of Endogenous Opioid System 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Role of Endogenous Opioid System in Acupuncture 4.3 Acupuncture-Promoted Release of Endogenous Opioids 4.3.1 Central Release 4.3.2 Peripheral Circulation 4.3.3 Frequency-Dependent Release 4.4 Acupuncture-Induced Alteration in the Content of EOP in the Brain. 4.5 Acupuncture-Enhanced Expression of Endogenous Opioids 4.6 Acupuncture and Opioid Receptors 4.6.1 Role of Opioid Receptor Subtypes in Acupuncture Effects. 4.6.2 Acupuncture and Opioid Receptor Density 4.7 Concluding Remarks Acknowledgements References 5 Effect of Acupuncture on Neurotransmitters/Modulators 5.1 Introduction 5.2 5-hydroxytryptamine 5.2.1 Acupuncture-Induced Increase in Central Hydroxytryptamine Activity 5.2.2 Acupuncture Regulation of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Activity in Certain Physiological and Pathophysiologic Conditions 5.2.3 Acupuncture and 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptors 5.3 Noradrenalin ： 5.3.1 Acupuncture Reduction of Noradrenalin Release and Content in the Brain 5.3.2 Effect of Endogenous Opioid Peptides on Noradrenalin During Acupuncture 5.3.3 Acupuncture and Noradrenergic Receptors 5.4 Dopamine 5.4.1 Acupuncture-Induced Alteration in Dopamineric Activity 5.4.2 Effect of Other Neurotransmitters on DopaminergicActivity during Acupuncture 5.4.3 Acupuncture and Dopaminergic Receptors 5.5 Acetylcholine 5.5.1 Acupuncture and Cholinergic Activity 5.5.2 Role of Acetylcholine in Acupuncture Effects 5.5.3 Acupuncture and Cholinergic Receptors 5.6 Amino Acids 5.6.1 Excitatory Amino Acids 5.6.2 Inhibitory Amino Acids 5.7 Other Neurotransmitters 5.7.1 Substance P 5.7.2 Prostaglandin 5.7.3 Cholecystokinin-Octopeptide-8 5.7.4 Somatostatin 5.7.5 Orphanin FQ 5.7.6 Neurotrophic Factors 5.7.7 Nitric Oxide 5.8 Concluding Remarks Acknowledgements References 6 Acupuncture-Drug Balanced Anesthesia 6.1 Introduction： From Acupuncture Analgesia to Acupuncture Anesthesia 6.2 From Acupuncture Anesthesia to Acupuncture-Drug Balanced Anesthesia 6.2.1 The Advantages of Acupuncture-Drug Balanced Anesthesia 6.2.2 The Main Cases of Acupuncture-Drug Balanced Anesthesia 6.3 Application of Acupuncture Anesthesia in Different Countries or Areas 6.4 Clinical and Experimental Research on Combination of Acupuncture with Drugs in Pain Treatment 6.5 Mechanism of the Synergistic Effect of Acupuncture- Drug Combination 6.6 Concluding Remarks Acknowledgements References 7 Acupuncture Analgesia in Clinical Practice 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Common Controls for Clinical Acupuncture 7.3 Types of AcUpuncture Approaches 7.3.1 ManualAcupuncture 7.3.2 Electroacupuncture 7.4 Acupuncture Analgesia in Clinical Practice 7.4.1 Headaches 7.4.2 Chronic Low Back Pain 7.4.3 Knee Osteoarthritis 7.4.4 Chronic Neck Pain 7.4.5 Neuropathic Pain 7.4.6 Motor System Injuries 7.4.7 Fibromyalgia 7.4.8 Cancer Pain 7.4.9 Dental Pain 7.4.10 Phantom Limb Pain 7.5 Side Effects 7.6 Concluding Remarks Acknowledgements References 8 Neurochemical Basis of Electroacupuncture Analgesia on Acute and Chronic Pain 8.1 Introduction 8.2 EA analgesia on Acute and Chronic Pain …… 9 Acupuncture Therapy for Stoke 10 Effects of Acupuncture on Arrhythmia and Other Cardiac Diseases 11 Acupuncture Therapy for Hypertension and Hypotension 12 Effect of Acupuncture on Epilepsy 13 Neuroimmuno-effect of Acupuncture on Immune-mediated Disorders 14 Acupuncture Treatment for Female Infertility 15 Acupuncture Therapy for Menopausal and Perimenopausal Syndrome 16 Acupuncture for Smoking Cessation.. 17 Beneficial Effect of Acupuncture on Depression， 18 Effect of Acupuncture on Drug Addiction. Index |
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