
| preface the origin of chinese culture the xia, shang and western zhou dynasties:early states and bronze civilization the spring & autumn and warring states periods:vassals contend for hegemony and social reform qin and han dynasties: establishment anddevelopment of a great unified country wei, jin and southern and northern dynasties:regime division and ethnic concentration sui and tang dynasties: a prosperous and open age song and yuan dynasties: diverse cultural collisions and great socio-economic development ming and qing dynasties (before the opium war): prosperity of farming civilization and crisis before modern times fall and struggle of modern china exploration progress of the people's republic of china for socialist modernization |
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