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作 者：赖特（Gary R.Wright），史蒂文斯（W.Richard Stevens） 著
出 版 社：人民邮电出版社
出版时间：2010-04
I S B N：9787115222480
| Preface xix Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Source Code Presentation 1 1.3 History 3 1.4 Application Programming Interfaces 5 1.5 Example Program 5 1.6 System Calls and Library Functions 7 1.7 Network Implementation Overview 9 1.8 Descriptors 10 1.9 Mbufs (Memory Buffers) and Output Processing 15 1.10 Input Processing 19 1.11 Network Implementation Overview Revisited 22 1.12 Interrupt Levels and Concurrency 23 1.13 Source Code Organization 26 1.14 Test Network 28 1.15 Summary 29 Chapter 2. Mbufs： Memory Buffers 31 2.1 Introduction 31 2.2 Code Introduction 36 2.3 Mbuf Definitions 37 2.4 mbuf Structure 38 2.5 Simple Mbuf Macros and Functions 40 2.6 m_devget and m_pullup Functions 44 2.7 Summary of Mbuf Macros and Functions 51 2.8 Summary of Net/3 Networking Data Structures 54 2.9 m_copy and Cluster Reference Counts 56 2.10 Alternatives 60 2.11 Summary 60 Chapter 3. Interface Layer 63 3.1 Introduction 63 3.2 Code Introduction 64 3.3 ifnet Structure 65 3.4 ifaddr Structure 73 3.5 sockaddr Structure 74 3.6 ifnet and ifaddr Specialization 76 3.7 Network Initialization Overview 77 3.8 Ethernet Initialization 80 3.9 SLIP Initialization 82 3.10 Loopback Initialization 85 3.11 ifat tach Function 85 3.12 ifini tFunction 93 3.13 Summary 94 Chapter 4. Interfaces： Ethernet 95 4.1 Introduction 95 4.2 Code Introduction 96 4.3 Ethernet Interface 98 4.4 ioct1 System Call 114 4.5 Summary 125 Chapter 5. Interfaces： SLIP and Loopback 127 5.1 Introduction 127 5.2 Code Introduction 127 5.3 SLIP Interface 128 5.4 Loopback Interface 150 5.5 Summary 153 Chapter 6. IP Addressing 155 6.1 Introduction 155 6.2 Code Introduction 158 6.3 Interface and Address Summary 158 6.4 sockaddr in Structure 160 6.5 in ifaddr Structure 161 6.6 Address Assignment 161 6.7 Interface ioctl Processing 177 6.8 Internet Utility Functions 181 6.9 ifnet Utility Functions 182 6.10 Summary 183 Chapter 7. Domains and Protocols 185 7.1 Introduction 185 7.2 Code Introduction 186 7.3 domain Structure 187 7.4 protosw Structure 188 7.5 IP domain and protosw Structures 191 7.6 pffindproto and pff indtype Functions 196 7.7 pfcti input Function 198 7.8 IP Initialization 199 7.9 sysctl System Call 201 7.10 Summary 204 Chapter 8. IP： Internet Protocol 205 8.1 Introduction 2205 8.2 Code Introduction 2206 8.3 I P Packets 210 8.4 Input Processing： ipintr Function 2212 8.5 Forwarding： ip_forward Function 2220 8.6 Output Processing： ip_output 2Function 228 8.7 Internet Checksum： in cksum 2Function 234 8.8 setsockopt and getsockopt System Calls 2239 8.9 ip_syscti Function 2244 8.10 Summary 245 Chapter 9. IP Option Processing 247 9.1 Introduction 247 9.2 Code Introduction 247 9.3 Option Format 248 9.4 ip_doopt i ons Function 249 9.5 Record Route Option 252 9.6 Source and Record Route Options 254 9.7 Timestamp Option 261 9.8 ip_insertopt ions Function 265 9.9 ip_pcbopt s Function 269 9.10 Limitations 272 9.11 Summary 272 Chapter 10. IP Fragmentation and Reassembly 275 10.1 Introduction 275 10.2 Code Introduction 277 10.3 Fragmentation 278 10.4 ip_opt copy Function 282 10.5 Reassembly 283 10.6 ip_reass Function 286 10.7 ip_s 1 owt imo Function 298 10.8 Summary 300 Chapter 11. ICMP： Internet Control Message Protocol 301 11.1 Introduction 301 11.2 Code Introduction 305 11.3 icmp Structure 308 11.4 ICMP protosw Structure 309 11.5 Input Processing： icmp_input Function 310 11.6 Error Processing 313 11.7 Request Processing 316 11.8 Redirect Processing 321 11.9 Reply Processing 323 11.10 Output Processing 324 11.11 icmp_error Function 324 11.12 icmp_re f1ect Function 328 11.13 icmp_send Function 333 11.14 i-icmp_sy sctl Function 334 11.15 Summary 335 Chapter 12. IP Multicasting 337 12.1 Introduction 337 12.2 Code Introduction 340 12.3 Ethernet Multicast Addresses 341 12.4 e_ther mu1ti Structure 342 12.5 Ethernet Multicast Reception 344 12.6 in_mu1ti Structure 345 12.7 ip_mopt ions Structure 347 12.8 Multicast Socket Options 348 12.9 Multicast TTL Values 348 12.10 ip_setmoptions Function 351 12.11 Joining an IP Multicast Group 355 12.12 Leaving an IP Multicast Group 366 12.13 ip_getmoptions Function 371 12.14 Multicast Input Processing： ipintr Function 373 12.15 Multicast Output Processing： ip_output Function 375 12.16 Performance Considerations 379 12.17 Summary 379 Chapter 13. IGMP： Internet Group Management Protocol 381 13.1 Introduction 381 13.2 Code Introduction 382 13.3 i_gmp Structu re 384 13.4 IGMP protosw Structure 384 13.5 Joining a Group： igmp_j oingroup Function 386 13.6 i_gmp_fast timo Function 387 13.7 Input Processing： igmp_input Function 391 13.8 Leaving a Group： igmp_leavegroup Function 395 13.9 Summary 396 Chapter 14. IP Multicast Routing 397 14.1 Introduction 397 14.2 Code Introduction 398 14.3 Multicast Output Processing Revisited 399 14.4 mrouted Daemon 401 14.5 Virtual Interfaces 404 14.6 IGMP Revisited 411 14.7 Multicast Routing 416 14.8 Multicast Forwarding： ip_mforward Function 424 14.9 Cleanup： ip_mrouter_done Function 433 14.10 Summary 434 Chapter 15. Socket Layer 435 15.1 Introduction 435 15.2 Code Introduction 436 15.3 socket Structure 437 15.4 System Calls 441 15.5 Processes， Descriptors， and Sockets 445 15.6 socket System Call 447 15.7 getsock and sockargs Functions 451 15.8 bind System Call 453 15.9 1isten System Call 455 15.10 t_sleep and wakeup Functions 456 15.11 accept System Call 457 15.12 sonewconn and soi sconnect ed Functions 461 15.13 connect System call 464 15.14 shut down System Call 468 15.15 c1ose System Call 471 15.16 Summary 474 Chapter 16. Socket I/O 475 16.1 Introduction 475 16.2 Code Introduction 475 16.3 Socket Buffers 476 16.4 write， writev， sendto， and sendmsg System Calls 480 16.5 sendmsg System Call 483 16.6 sendit Function 485 16.7 sosend Function 489 16.8 read， readv， recvfrom， and recvmsg System Calls 500 16.9 recvmsg System Call 501 16.10 recvit Function 503 16.11 soreceive Function 505 16.12 soreceive Code 510 16.13 select System Call 524 16.14 Summary 534 Chapter 17. Socket Options 537 17.1 Introduction 537 17.2 Code Introduction 538 17.3 sets ockopt System Call 539 17.4 getsockopt System Call 545 17.5 font 1 and ioct 1 System Calls 548 17.6 getsockname System Call 554 17.7 getpeername System Call 554 17.8 Summary 557 Chapter 18. Radix Tree Routing Tables 559 18.1 Introduction 559 18.2 Routing Table Structure 560 18.3 Routing Sockets 569 18.4 Code Introduction 570 18.5 Radix Node Data Structures 573 18.6 Routing Structures 578 18.7 Initialization： route init and rtable init Functions 581 18.8 Initialization： rn init and rn inithead Functions 584 18.9 Duplicate Keys and Mask Lists 587 18.10 rn mat ch Function 591 18.11 rn search Function 599 18.12 Summary 599 Chapter 19. Routing Requests and Routing Messages 601 19.1 Introduction 601 19.2 rtalloc and rtallocl Functions 601 19.3 RTFREE Macro and rtfree Function 604 19.4 rtrequest Function 607 19.5 rt_setgate Function 612 19.6 rt_init Function 615 19.7 rtredirect Function 617 19.8 Routing Message Structures 621 19.9 rt_mi s smsg Function 625 19.10 rtifmsg Function 627 19.11 rt_newaddrms g Function 628 19.12 rt_ms_g 1 Function 630 19.13 rt_ms_g 2 Function 632 19.14 sysctl_rt abl e Function 635 19.15 sysctl_dumpent ry Function 640 19.16 sysctl iflist Function 642 19.17 Summary 644 Chapter 20. Routing Sockets 645 20.1 Introduction 645 20.2 routedomain and protosw Structures 646 20.3 Routing Control Blocks 647 20.4 raw init Function 647 20.5 rout e_output Function 648 20.6 rt_xaddrs Function 660 20.7 rt_setmetrics Function 661 20.8 raw_input Function 662 20.9 route_usrreq Function 664 20.10 raw_u s rreq Function 666 20.11 raw_attach， raw_detach， and raw_disconnect Functions 671 20.12 Summary 672 Chapter 21. ARP： Address Resolution Protocol 675 21.1 Introduction 675 21.2 ARP and the Routing Table 675 21.3 Code Introduction 678 21.4 ARP Structures 681 21.5 arpwhohas Function 683 21.6 arprequest Function 684 21.7 arp int r Function 687 21.8 in_arpinput Function 688 21.9 ARP Timer Functions 694 21.10 arpresolve Function 696 21.11 arpl ookup Function 701 21.12 Proxy ARP 703 21.13 arp_rt request Function 704 21.14 ARP and Multicasting 710 21.15 Summary 711 Chapter 22. Protocol Control Blocks 713 22.1 Introduction 713 22.2 Code Introduction 715 22.3 inpcb Structure 716 22.4 in_pcballoc and in_pcbdetach Functions 717 22.5 Binding， Connecting， and Demultiplexing 719 22.6 in pcblookup Function 724 22.7 in_gcbbind Function 728 22.8 in pcbconnect Function 735 22.9 in_pcbdisconnect Function 741 22.10 in_setsockaddr and in_setpeeraddr Functions 741 22.11 in_pcbnotify， in_rtchange， and in_losing Functions 742 22.12 Implementation Refinements 750 22.13 Summary 751 Chapter 23. UDP： User Datagram Protocol 755 23.1 Introduction 755 23.2 Code Introduction 755 23.3 UDP protosw Structure 758 23.4 UDP Header 759 23.5 udp init Function 760 23.6 udp_output Function 760 23.7 udp_input Function 769 23.8 udp_saveopt Function 781 23.9 udp_ctli nput Function 782 23.10 udp_usrreq Function 784 23.11 udp_sysct 1 Function 790 23.12 Implementation Refinements 791 23.13 Summary 793 Chapter 24. TCP： Transmission Control Protocol 795 24.1 Introduction 795 24.2 Code Introduction 795 24.3 TCP protosw Structure 801 24.4 TCP Header 801 24.5 TCP Control Block 803 24.6 TCP State Transition Diagram 805 24.7 TCP Sequence Numbers 807 24.8 tcp_init Function 812 24.9 Summary 815 Chapter 25. TCP Timers 817 25.1 Introduction 817 25.2 Code Introduction 819 25.3 tcp cancelt imers Function 821 25.4 tcp fast t imo Function 821 25.5 tcp_s 1 owt imo Function 822 25.6 tcp_t imers Function 824 25.7 Retransmission Timer Calculations 831 25.8 tcp newtcpcb Function 833 25.9 tcp_se tper sist Function 835 25.10 tcp_xmi t_t ime r Function 836 25.11 Retransmission Timeout： tcp_t imers Function 841 25.12 An RTT Example 846 25.13 Summary 848 Chapter 26. TCP Output 851 26.1 Introduction 851 26.2 tcp output Overview 852 26.3 Determine if a Segment Should be Sent 852 26.4 TCP Options 864 26.5 Window Scale Option 866 26.6 Timestamp Option 866 26.7 Send a Segment 871 26.8 tcp templ at a Function 884 26.9 tcp respond Function 885 26.10 Summary 888 Chapter 27. TCP Functions 891 27.1 Introduction 891 27.2 tcp_drain Function 892 27.3 tcp drop Function 892 27.4 tcp close Function 893 27.5 tcp mss Function 897 27.6 top cti input Function 904 27.7 tcp notify Function 904 27.8 tcp_quench Function 906 27.9 TCP REASS Macro and tcp_reass Functionv 906 27.10 tcp_trace Function 916 27.11 Summary 920 Chapter 28. TCP Input 923 28.1 Introduction 923 28.2 Preliminary Processing 925 28.3 tcp_doopt ions Function 933 28.4 Header Prediction 934 28.5 TCP Input： Slow Path Processing 941 28.6 Initiation of Passive Open， Completion of Active Open 942 28.7 PAWS： Protection Against Wrapped Sequence Numbers 951 28.8 Trim Segment so Data is Within Window 954 28.9 Self-Connects and Simultaneous Opens 960 28.10 Record Timestamp 963 28.11 RST Processing 963 28.12 Summary 965 Chapter 29. TCP Input (Continued) 967 29.1 Introduction 967 29.2 ACK Processing Overview 967 29.3 Completion of Passive Opens and Simultaneous Opens 967 29.4 Fast Retransmit and Fast Recovery Algorithms 970 29.5 ACK Processing 974 29.6 Update Window Information 981 29.7 Urgent Mode Processing 983 29.8 tcp_pul louto fband Function 986 29.9 Processing of Received Data 988 29.10 FIN Processing 990 29.11 Final Processing 992 29.12 Implementation Refinements 994 29.13 Header Compression 995 29.14 Summary 1004 Chapter 30. TCP User Requests 1007 30.1 Introduction 1007 30.2 tcp_usrreq Function 1007 30.3 tcp attach Function 1018 30.4 tcp disconnect Function 1019 30.5 tcp_usrclosed Function 1021 30.6 t cp_ctloutput Function 1022 30.7 Summary 1025 BPF： BSD Packet Filter 1027 Chapter 31.BPF：BSO Packet Fllter 31.1 Introduction 1027 31.2 Code Introduction 1028 31.3 bp fif Structurev 1029 31.4 bp fd Structure 1032 31.5 BPF Input 1040 31.6 BPF Output 1046 31.7 Summary 1047 Raw IP 1049 Chapter 32.Raw IP 32.1 Introduction 1049 32.2 Code Introduction 1050 32.3 Raw IP protosw Structure 1051 32.4 rip_in it Function 1053 32.5 rip_input Function 1053 32.6 rip output Function 1056 32.7 rlp_usrreq Function 1058 32.8 ripct 1output Function 1063 32.9 Summary 1065 Epilogue 1067 Appendix A.Solutions to Selected Exercises 1069 Appendix B. Source Code Availability 1093 Appendix C. RFC 1122 Compliance 1097 C.1 Link-Layer Requirements 1097 C.2 IP Requirements 1098 C.3 IP Options Requirements 1102 C.4 IP Fragmentation and Reassembly Requirements 1104 C.5 ICMP Requirements 1105 C.6 Multicasting Requirements 1110 C.7 IGMP Requirements 1111 C.8 Routing Requirements 1111 C.9 ARP Requirements 1113 C.10 UDP Requirements 1113 C.11 TCP Requirements 1115 Bibliography 1125 Index 1133 |
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