| INTRODUCTION Epidemiology Morbidity Financial impact CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION Risk factors for cardiovascular disease Overall cardiovascular risk prediction Summary LIFESTYLE Impact of lifestyle on cardiovascular risk factors Dietary supplements Implementing lifestyle changes Conclusion SMOKING CESSATION Induction of a hypercoagulable state Reduction tissue oxygen delivery Haemodynamic effects Endothelial dysfunction Benefits of smoking cessation Nicotine replacement therapy Bupropion Combined nicotine replacement therapy and bupropion OBESITY DIABETES MELLITUS Epidemiology Financial burden of diabetes Diabetes as a cardiovascular risk factor Early detection of diabetes by screening Assessing cardiovascular risk and prognosis Microalbuminuria Diabetic nephropathy Need for specialist intervention Summary DYSLIPIDAEMIA Dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular risk Prevalence of dyslipidaemia Definition and diagnosis of dyslipidaemia Reducing the risk Conclusions HYPERTENSION Definition of hypertension Prevalence of hypertension Measurement of blood pressure Making a clinical diagnosis of hypertension Pathogenesis of hypertension Initial assessment in hypertension Treatment of hypertension Postural hypotension Need for specialist intervention Importance of hypertension as a cardiovascular risk factor in diabetes Hypertension in patients with renal disease Hypertension in obese patients Conclusions ANTIPLATELET THERAPY Dual antiplatelet therapy PATIENT ISSUES AND COMPLIANCE CONCLUSION |
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