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《基础分子生物学(影印版)》是同由高等教育出版社出版。 |
1 the beginnings of molecular biology 1.1 introduction 1.2 historical perspective insights into heredity from round and wrinkled peas: mendelian genetics insights into the nature of hereditary material: the transforming principle is dna creativity in approach leads to the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis the importance of technological advances: the hershey-chase experiment a model for the structure of dna: the dna double helix chapter summary analytical questions suggestions for further reading 2 the structure of dna 2.1 introduction 2.2 primary structure: the components of nucleic acids five-carbon sugars nitrogenous bases the phosphate functional group nucleosides and nucteotides 2.3 significance of 5' and 3' .2.4 nomenclature of nucleotides 2.5 the length of rna and dna 2.6 secondary structure of dna hydrogen bonds form between the bases base stacking provides chemical stability to the dna double helix structure of the watson-crick dna double helix distinguishing between features of alternative double-helical structures dna can undergo reversible strand separation 2.7 unusual dna secondary structures slipped structures cruciform structures triple helix dna disease box 2.1 friedreich's ataxia and triple helix dna 2.8 tertiary structure of dna supercoiling of dna topoisomerases relax supercoiled dna what is the significance of supercoiting in vivo? disease box 2.2 topoisomerase-targeted anticancer drugs chapter summary analytical questions suggestions for further reading 3 genome organization: from nucleotides to chromatin 3.1 introduction 3.2 eukaryotic genome chromatin structure：historical perspective histones nucleosomes beads-on-a-string：the 10 nm fiber the 30 nm fiber loop domains metaphase chromosomes alternative chromatin structures 3．3 bacterial genome 3．4 plasmids 3．5 bacteriophages and mammalian dna viruses bacteriophaqes mammalian dna viruses 3．6 organelle genomes：chloroplasts and mitochondria chloroplast dna(cpdna) mitochondrial dna (mtdna) disease box 3．1 mitochondrial dna and disease 3．7 rna-based genomes eukaryotic rna viruses retroviruses viroids other subviral pathoqens disease box 3．2 avian flu chapter summary analytical questions suggestions for further reading 4 the versatility of rna 4．1 introduction 4．2 secondary structure of rna secondary structure motifs in rna base-paired rna adopts an a-type double helix rna helices often contain noncanonical base pairs 4．3 tertiary structure of rna trna structure：important insiqhts into rna structural motifs common tertiary structure motifs in rna 4．4 kinetics of rna folding 4．5 rna is involved in a wide range of cellular processes 4．6 historical perspective：the discovery of rna catalysis tetrahymena qroup i intron ribozyme rnase p ribozyme focus box 4．1：the rna world 4．7 ribozymes catalyze a variety of chemical reactions mode of ribozyme action large ribozymes small ribozymes chapter summary analytical questions suggestions for further reading 5 from gene to protein 5.1 introduction 5.2 the central dogma 5.3 the genetic code translating the genetic code the 21st and 22nd genetically encoded amino acids role of modified nucleotides in decoding implications of codon bias for molecular biologists 5.4 protein structure primary structure secondary structure tertiary structure quaternary structure size and complexity of proteins proteins contain multiple functional domains prediction of protein structure 5.5 protein function enzymes are biological catalysts regulation of protein activity by post-translational modifications allosteric regulation of protein activity cyclin-dependent kinase activation macromolecular assemblages 5.6 protein folding and misfolding molecular chaperones ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation protein misfolding diseases disease box 5.1 prions chapter summary analytical questions suggestions for further reading 6 dna replication and telomere maintenance 6.1 introduction 6.2 historical perspective insight into the mode of dna replication: the meselson-stahl experiment insight into the mode of dna replication: visualization of replicating bacterial dna 6.3 dna synthesis occurs from 5'→3' 6.4 dna polymerases are the enzymes that catalyze dna synthesis focus box 6.1 bacterial dna polymerases 6.5 semidiscontinuous dna replication leading strand synthesis is continuous lagging strand synthesis is discontinuous 6.6 nuclear dna replication in eukaryotic cells replication factories histone removal at the origins of replication prereplication complex formation at the origins of replication replication licensing: dna only replicates once per cell cycle duplex unwinding at replication forks rna priming of leading strand and lagging strand dna synthesis polymerase switching elongation of leading strands and lagging strands proofreading maturation of nascent dna strands termination histone deposition focus box 6.2 the naming of genes involved in dna replication disease box 6.1 systemic lupus erythematosus and pcna 6.7 replication of organelle dna models for mtdna replication replication of cpdna disease box 6.2 rnase mrp and cartilage-hair hypoplasia 6.8 rolling circle replication 6.9 tetomere maintenance: the role of tetomerase in dna replication, aging, and cancer telomeres solution to the end replication problem maintenance of telomeres by telomerase other modes of telomere maintenance regulation of telomerase activity telomerase, aging, and cancer disease box 6.3 dyskeratosis congenita: loss of telomerase function chapter summary analytical questions suggestions for further reading 7 dna repair and recombination 7.1 introduction 7.2 types of mutations and their phenotypic consequences transitions and transversions can lead to silent, missense, or nonsense mutations insertions or deletions can cause frameshift mutations expansion of trinucleotide repeats leads to genetic instability 7.3 general classes of dna damage single base changes structural distortion dna backbone damage cellular response to dna damage 7.4 lesion bypass 7.5 direct reversal of dna damage 7.6 repair of single base changes and structural distortions by removal of dna damage base excision repair mismatch repair nucleotide excision repair disease box 7.1 hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer: a defect in mismatch repair 7.7 double-strand break repair by removal of dna damage homologous recombination nonhomologous end-joining disease box 7.2 xeroderma pigmentosum and related disorders: defects in nucleotide excision repair disease box 7.3 hereditary breast cancer syndromes: mutations in brca1 and brca2 8 recombinant dna technology and molecular cloning 9 tools for analyzing gene expression 10 transcription in prokaryotes 11 transcription in eukaryotes 12 epigenetic and monoallelic gene expression 13 rna processing and post-transcriptional gene regulation 14 the mechanism of translation 15 genetically modified organisms: use in basic and applied research 16 genome analysis:dna typing,genomics and beyond 17 medical molecular biology glossary index |
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