| abbreviations. preface section a-introduction to ecology a1 what is ecology? a2 ten rules in ecology section b-adaptation to the enbironment b1 adaptation b2 coping with environmental variation b3 the niche section c-climate c1 solar radiation and climate c2 microclimate section d-water d1 the properties of water d2 plants and water d3 animals and water section e-temperature e1 temperature and metabolism e2 responses to temperature e3 temperature and species distribution .section f-radiation f1 solar radiation and plants section g-nutrients g1 sources and cycles g2 plants and consumers g3 soil formation,properties and classification section h-population ecology h1 populations and population structure h2 natality,mortality and population structure h3 density and density dependence h4 population dynamics-fluctuations,cycles and chaos section i-competition i1 the nature of competition i2 intraspecific competition i3 resource partitioning section j-predation j1 the nature of predation j2 predator behavior and prey response section k-parasitism k1 the nature of parasitism k2 the dynamics of parasitism section l-mutualism l1 mutualism section m-life history patterns m1 life history section n-behavioral ecology.. n1 social groups,cooperation and altruism n2 sex in ecology section o-population genetics o1 genetic variation o2 speciation section p-ecosystem processes p1 components and processes p2 primary and secondary production p3 food chains section q-communities q1 the community,structure and stability q2 island communities and colonization q3 community patterns,competition and predation section r-community dynamics r1 succession r2 community responses to disturbance section s-biomes s1 ecosystem patterns s2 grasslands s3 tundra s4 forests s5 deserts,semi-deserts and shrubland s6 saltwater biomes s7 freshwater biomes section t-harvesting t1 harvesting theory t2 fishing and whaling section u-pest control u1 the pest problem and control strategies u2 pesticides and problems u3 biological control and integrated pest management section v-conservation v1 rare species,habitat loss and extinction v2 conservation strategies v3 biological resources and gene banks section w-pollution and global warming w1 air,water and soil pollutants w2 greenhouse gases and golbal warming w3 ozone section x-the ecology of agriculture x1 soil erosion and agriculture x2 nutrient,water and energy use further reading index... |
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