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| Preface by Halliday 王宗炎序 Preface by chomsky 沈家煊序 导读 Traslator's Introduction Preface to the first Edition Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the Third Edition INTRODUCTION CHAPTER Ⅰ.A brief survey of the history of linguistics. CHAPTER Ⅱ.Data and aims of linguistic:donnexions with related sciences. CHAPTER Ⅲ.The object of study. 1.On defining a language 2.Linguistic structure:its place among the facts of language 3.Languages and their place in human affairs .Semiology CHAPTER Ⅳ.Linguistics of language structure and linguistics of speech. CHAPTER Ⅴ.Intrenal and external elements of a language CHAPTER Ⅵ.Representation of a language by writing 1.Why it is necessary to study this topic 2.The prestige of writing:reasons for its ascendancy over the spoken word 3.systems of writing 4.Causes of inconsistency between spelling and pronunciation 5.Consequences of this inconsistency CHAPTER Ⅶ.Physiological phonetics. 1.definition of the subject 2.Trascription 3.Writing as evidence APPENDIX PRINCIPLES OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PHONETICS CHAPTER Ⅰ.Sound types. 1.On defining speech sounds 2.The vocal apparatus and how it works 3.Classification of sounds by oral articulation CHAPTER Ⅱ.Sounds in spoken sequences. PART ONE GENERAL PRINCIPLES CHAPTERⅠ.Nature of the linguistic sign. CHAPTERⅡ.Invariability and variability of the sign. CHAPTERⅢ.Static linguistics and evolutionary linguistics. PART TWO SYNCHRONIC LINGUISTICS PART THREE DIACHRONIC LINGUISTICS PART FOUR GEOGRAPHICAL LINGUISTICS PART FIVE QUESTIONS OF RETROSPECTIVE LINGUISTICS CONCLUSION INDEX 文库索引 |
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