| Prof. Dr. Donat-Peter Häder holds the chair in botany at the Friedrich-Alexander Universität. He has been interested in gravitational biology and space research for more than 20 years and was involved in numerous space shuttle, sounding rocket, satellite and parabolic flight experiments. He is the author and editor of more than a dozen books and has published more than 450 papers in scientific journals.
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| List of Abbreviations Preface 1 Introduction 1.1 Historical background 1.2 Definitions 1.2.1 Responses of motile microorganisms to environmental stimuli 1.2.2 Behavioral responses of sessile plants to environmental stimuli 1.2.3 "Microgravity" and hypergravity 1.3 Ecological significance 2 Methods in Gravitational Biology 2.1 Horizontalmicroscopes and clinostats 2.2 Free-fall machine 2.3 Drop facilities: towers, shafts, and balloons 2.4 Parabolic flights 2.4.1 Aircraft 2.4.2 Sounding rockets 2.5 Centrifuges 2.6 Shuttles, satellites, and space stations 2.7 Direct manipulation of gravisensors 3 Image Analysis 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Hardware 3.3 Software 3.3.1 Identification of objects 3.3.2 Cell counting and area determination 3.3.3 Organism tracking 3.3.4 3D tracking 3.4 Fluorescence imaging 4 Ciliates 4.1 Paramecium 4.1.1 Morphological aspects 4.1.2 Paramecium-a swimming sensory cell 4.1.3 Ion channels 4.1.4 Regulation of the ciliary beat pattern 4.1.5 Paramecium mutants 4.1.6 Graviresponses of Paramecium 4.2 Loxodes 4.2.1 Mtiller organelles of Loxodes- cellular gravisensors 4.2.2 Graviresponses of Loxodes 4.2.3 Graviperception in Loxodes- conclusion 4.3 Other ciliates 5 Flagellates 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Euglena 5.2.1 Gravitaxis in Euglena-the phenomenon 5.2.2 Passive orientation vs. active sensing 5.2.3 Sensor for gravity perception 5.2.4 Sensory transduction chain of gravitaxis 5.3 Gravitaxis in Chlamydomonas 5.4 Other flagellates 5.5 Circadian rhythm of gravitaxis 6 Other Organisms 6.1 Amoeba 6.2 Slime molds 6.2.1 Didyostelium 6.2.2 Physarum 6.3 Reproductive unicellular stages 6.3.1 Fungal zoospores 6.3.2 Sperm cells 6.4 Bacteria …… 7 Responses to Other Stimuli 8 Energetics 9 Models for Graviperception 10 Evolutionary Aspects of Gravisesing: From Bacteria to Men 11 Perspectives References Index |
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