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| 作者简介：Alan Schenk teaches VAT at Wayne State University and other universities such as Harvard University and University of Michigan Law School. For the past seven years, Professor Schenk has served as Technical Advisor for the International Monetary Fund, drafting and reviewing legislative proposals for sales and value added tax for several countries in Africa and for emerging economies of Eastern Europe. He is the author of four books and has published many articles on VAT including several involving the taxation of financial services. |
| List of Tables, Figures, and Charts List of Cases Preface to the Revised Edition 1 SURVEY OF TAXES ON CONSUMPTION AND INCOME, AND INTRODUCTION TO VALUE ADDED TAX Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. Development of Taxes on Consumption - A Brief Review of History Ⅲ.Direct and Indirect Taxes on an Income or Consumption Base A. Direct and Indirect Taxes B. Income and Consumption Base for Tax IV. Tax Structures in Developed and Developing Economies Ⅴ. Broadening the Base of a Tax System Ⅵ. The Value Added Tax Ⅶ. The Proliferation of VATs Ⅷ. Glossary of VAT Terms Ⅸ. Outline of Issues Pertaining to Consumption Taxes Ⅹ. Discussion Questions APPENDIX A: DEVELOPMENT TAXATION Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. The Reform of Indirect Taxation Ⅲ. Taxing Imports Ⅳ. Taxing Exports 2 FORMS OF CONSUMPTION-BASED TAXES AND ALTERING THE TAX BASE Ⅰ. Forms of Consumption-Based Taxes A. Introduction B. Consumption-Based Direct Tax on Individuals C. Single and Multistage Sales Taxes Ⅱ. Overview of the Value Added Tax A. In General B. Jurisdictional Reach of the Tax C. Inclusion of VAT in Tax Base D. Inclusion of Capital Goods in Tax Base Ⅲ. Methods of Calculating VAT Liability A. Credit-Invoice VAT B. Credit-Subtraction VAT That Does Not Rely on VAT Invoices C. Sales-Subtraction VAT D. Addition-Method VAT IV. Methods of Altering the Tax Base A. Entity Exemptions B. Zero Rating C. Transaction Exemption D. Alteration of Base by Granting or Denying Credits E. Multiple Rates V. Discussion Questions …… 7 INTRODUCTION TO CROSS-BORDER ASPECTS OF VAF 8 TIMING AND VALUATION RULES 9 ZERO RATING AND EXEMPTIONS AND GOVERNMENT ENTITIES NAD NONPROFIT ORGANTIONS 10 GAMBLINE AND FINACIAL SERVICE(OTHER THAN INSURANCE) 11 INSURANCE 12 INTERJURISDCTIONAL ASPECTS OF VAT IN FEDERAL COUNTRIES AND COMMON MARKETS 13 REAL PROPERTY 14 PROPOSALS FOR U.S TAX ON CONSUMPTION APPENDIXES SCHEDULES Index |
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