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High-performance gradient elution : the practical application of the linear-solvent-strength model高精确度梯度洗脱色层法分析

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High-performance gradient elution : the practical application of the linear-solvent-strength model高精确度梯度洗脱色层法分析

最 低 价：￥991.80

定 价：￥1102.00

作 者：Lloyd R. Snyder, John W. Dolan　著 著

出 版 社：吉林长白山

出版时间：2006-12-1

I S B N：9780471706465

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    作者简介
    　　LLOYD R. SNYDER, PHD, is a Principal at LC Resources in Walnut Creek, California. He is the author or coauthor of several books including An Introduction to Separation Science, Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography, Second Edition, and the bestselling Practical HPLC Method Development, Second Edition, all published by Wiley.
    　　JOHN W. DOLAN, PHD, is a Principal at LC Resources. He is author of the popular " LC Troubleshooting" column in LCGC Magazine and coauthor with Lloyd Snyder of Troubleshooting LC Systems.

    内容简介
    Gradient elution demystified
    Of the various ways in which chromatography is applied today, few have been as misunderstood as the technique of gradient elution, which presents many challenges compared to isocratic separation. When properly explained, however, gradient elution can be less difficult to understand and much easier to use than often assumed.
    Written by two well-known authorities in liquid chromatography, High-Performance Gradient Elution: The Practical Application of the Linear-Solvent-Strength Model takes the mystery out of the practice of gradient elution and helps remove barriers to the practical application of this important separation technique. The book presents a systematic approach to the current understanding of gradient elution, describing theory, methodology, and applications across many of the fields that use liquid chromatography as a primary analytical tool.
    This up-to-date, practical, and comprehensive treatment of gradient elution:
    * Provides specific, step-by-step recommendations for developing a gradient separation for any sample
    * Describes the best approach for troubleshooting problems with gradient methods
    * Guides the reader on the equipment used for gradient elution
    * Lists which conditions should be varied first during method development, and explains how to interpret scouting gradients
    * Explains how to avoid problems in transferring gradient methods
    With a focus on the use of linear solvent strength （LSS） theory for predicting gradient LC behavior and separations by reversed-phase HPLC, High-Performance Gradient Elution gives every chromatographer access to this useful tool.

    作者简介

    目录
    PREFACE
    GLOSSARY OF SYMBOLS AND TERMS
    1 INTRODUCTION
    　1.1 The "General Elution Problem" and the Need for Gradient Elution
    　1.2 Other Reasons for the Use of Gradient Elution
    　1.3 Gradient Shape
    　1.4 Similarity of lsocratic and Gradient Elution
    　1.4.1 Gradient and Isocratic Elution Compared
    1.4.2 The Linear-Solvent-Strength Model
    　1.5 Computer Simulation
    　1.6 Sample Classification
    1.6.1 Sample Compounds of Related Structure（"Regular Samples"）
    1.6.2 Sample Compounds of Unrelated Structure（"Irregular" Samples）
    2 GRADIENT ELUTION FUNDAMENTALS
    　2.1 lsocratic Separation
    2.1.1 Retention
    2.1.2 Peak Width and Plate Number
    2.1.3 Resolution
    2.1.4 Role of Separation Conditions
    　　　2.1.4.1 Optimizing Retention [Term a of Equation （2.7）]
    2.1.4.2 Optimizing Selectivity α [Term b of Equation （2.7）]
    2.l.4.3 Optimizing the Column Plate Number N [Term c of Equation （2.7）]
    2.2 Gradient Separation
    2.2.1 Retention
    2.2.1.1 Gradient and Isocratic Separation Compared for "Corresponding" Conditions
    2.2.2 Peak Width
    2.2.3 Resolution
    2.2.3.1 Resolution as a Function of Values of S for Two Adjacent Peaks （"Irregular" Samples）
    2.2.3.2 Using Gradient Elution to Predict Isocratic Separation
    2.2.4 Sample Complexity and Peak Capacity
    2.3 Effect of Gradient Conditions on Separation
    2.3.1 Gradient Steepness b: Change in Gradient Time
    2.3.2 Gradient Steepness b: Change in Column Length or Diameter
    2.3.3 Gradient Steepness b: Change in Flow Rate
    2.3.4 Gradient Range ΔФ: Change in Initial Percentage B （Фo）
    2.3.5 Gradient RangeΔФ: Change in Final Percentage B （Фf
    2.3.6 Effect of a Gradient Delay
    2.3.6.1 Equipment Dwell Volume
    2.3.7 Effect of Gradient Shape （Nonlinear Gradients）
    2.3.8 Overview of the Effect of Gradient Conditions on the Chromatogram
    2.4 Related Topics
    2.4.1 Nonideal Retention in Gradient Elution
    2.4.2 Gradient Elution Misconceptions
    3 METHOD DEVELOPMENT
    3.1 A Systematic Approach to Method Development
    3.1.1 Separation Goals （Step 1 of Fig. 3.1）
    3.1.2 Nature of the Sample （Step 2 of Fig. 3.1）
    3.1.3 Initial Experimental Conditions
    3.1.4 Repeatable Results
    3.1.5 Computer Simulation: Yes or No?
    3.1.6 Sample Preparation （Pretreatment）
    3.2 Initial Experiments
    3.2.1 Interpreting the Initial Chromatogram （Step 3 of Fig. 3.1）
    3.2.1.1 "Trimming" a Gradient Chromatogram
    3.2.1.2 Possible Problems
    3.3 Developing a Gradient Separation: Resolution versus Conditions
    3.3.1 Optimizing Gradient Retention k* （Step 4 of Fig. 3.1）
    3.3.2 Optimizing Gradient Selectivity a* （Step 5 of Fig. 3.1）
    3.3.3 Optimizing the Gradient Range （Step 6 of Fig. 3.1）
    3.3.3.1 Changes in Selectivity as a Result of Change in k*
    3.3.4 Segmented （Nonlinear） Gradients（Step 6 of Fig. 3.1 Continued）
    3.3.5 Optimizing the Column Plate Number N*（Step 7 of Fig. 3.1）
    3.3.6 Column Equilibration Between Successive Sample Injections
    3.3.7 Fast Separations
    3.4 Computer Simulation
    3.4.1 Quantitative Predictions and Resolution Maps
    3.4.2 Gradient Optimization
    3.4.3 Changes in Column Conditions
    3.4.4 Separation of "Regular" Samples
    3.4.5 Other Features
    3.4.5.1 Isocratic Prediction （5 in Table 3.5）
    3.4.5.2 Designated Peak Selection （6 in Table 3.5）
    3.4.5.3 Change in Other Conditions （7 in Table 3.5）
    3.4.5.4 Computer-Selection of the Best Multisegment Gradient（8 in Table 3.5）
    3.4.5.5 "Two-Run" Procedures for the Improvement of Sample Resolution
    3.4.6 Accuracy of Computer Simulation
    3.4.7 Peak Tracking
    　……
    4　GRADIENT EQUIPMENT
    5 SEPARATION ARTIFACTS AND TROUBLESHOOTING
    6 SEPARATION OF LARGE MOLECULES
    7 PREPARATIVE SEPARATIONS
    8 OTHER APPLICATIONS OF GRADIENT ELUTION
    9 THEORY AND DERIVATIONS
    Appendix Ⅰ THE CONSTANT-S APPROXIMATION IN GRADIENT ELUTION
    Appendix Ⅱ ESTIMATION OF CONDITIONS FOR ISOCRATIC ELUTION,
    BASED ON AN INITIAL GRADIENT RUN
    Appendix Ⅲ CHARACTERIZATION OF REVERSED-PHASE COLUMNS FOR
    SELECTIVITY AND PEAK TAILING
    Appendix Ⅳ SOLVENT PROPERTIES RELEVANT TO THE USE OF
    GRADIENT ELUTION
    Appendix Ⅴ THEORY OF PREPARATIVE SEPARATION
    Appendix Ⅵ FURTHER INFORMATION ON VIRUS CHROMATOGRAPHY
    Index

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