| 1. AN INTRODUCTION TO MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS THEORY AND RESEARCH ON CIRCADIAN RHYTHMICITY What Is a Circadian Rhythm? Physiology of the Circadian System How Are We Entrained? Life-Span Development of Circadian Rhythms WHAT IS MORMNGNESS-EVEMNGNESS? Circadian Rhythmicity and M-E History of M-E Inventing and Measuring the M-E Concept Types? Stability? Cultural, Geographical, and Seasonal Differences Previous Research on M-E Coming from the Shift-Work Tradition Differences beyond Issues of Time Popular Views of M-E Interactions with Other People M-E of Adolescents Sleep in Adolescence Studies on Adolescents' Morningness-Eveningness Are Scarce Can We Expect a Normal Distribution? MORMNGNESS-EVENINGNESS FROM A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE Creating a "New" Tradition Why Is a Developmental Perspective Important? OBJECTIVES 2. SAMPLES AND MEASURES OF MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS 21 (6) THE SAMPLES Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 MEASURES OF MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS Adolescents' M-E Parents' Ratings of Adolescents' M-E Parents' M-E 3. MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS IN ADOLESCENCE 27 (30) ADOLESCENTS' SELF-REPORTS OF MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS Distributions and Stability of M-E across Eighteen Months Distributions and Stability of M-E across Five Years Gender and Age Differences in M-E and Degree of Stability Summary of Adolescents' Self-Reports of M-E PARENTS' VIEWS OF ADOLESCENTS' MORMNGNESS-EVENINGNESS Stability in Parents' Ratings of Adolescents' M-E Can Assessments of Adolescents' Morning Vigour Confirm M-E Ratings? Gender Differences in Parents' Ratings of Adolescents' M-E and Morning Vigour Summary and Comments on Parents' Ratings of Adolescents' M-E EXPLAINING CHANGES IN MORMNGNESS-EVENINGNESS Is M-E Associated With Actual Arising and Bedtimes? Measures of Arising and Bedtimes Differences among M-E Types in Arising and Bedtimes Gender Differences in Arising and Bedtimes Can M-E Predict Arising and Bedtimes Five Years Later, and Vice Versa? Is M-E Associated With Other Sleep-Wake Regulating Conditions? Gender Differences in Curfews Can M-E Predict Other Sleep-Wake Regulating Conditions, and Vice Versa? Summary and Comments on Explaining Changes in M-E IS ADOLESCENTS' MORMNGNESS-EVENINGNESS RELATED TO MORNINGNESS-EVEMNGNESS OF PEOPLE CLOSE TO THEM? M-E Similarity in the Family Distributions of Parents' Ratings of Their Own M-E Resemblance between Adolescents and Parents M-E Similarity in Best Friend Dyads M-E Similarity among Peer Group Members Summary and Comments on Similarities in M-E Among People in Proximity IMPLICATIONS OF RESULTS ON STABILITY AND EXTERNAL INFLUENCES ON MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS 4. MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS AND SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT 5. MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS AND FAMILY INTERACTION 6. MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS AND SCHOOL ADJUSTMENT 7. MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS AND PATTERNS OF ADJUSTMENT 8. A CRITICAL VIEW OF THE ROLE OF EVENINGNESS IN DEVELOPMENT 9. CLOSING DISCUSSION REFERENCES INDEX |
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