| Foreword Synopsis Nomenclature Introduction 1 Calcium Carbonate Fouling 1.1. The Ryznar Index 1.1.1. Origin of Ryznar's Work 1.1.2. Emergence of the Ryznar Index 1.1.3. Revised Evaluation of the Ryznar Index 1.1.4. Experimental Errors 1.2. New Data 1.2.1. Use in the Field 1.2.2. Margin of Error 1.3. The Langelier Index 1.3.1. Use in the Field 1.3.2. Margin of Error 1.4. Choice Between Langelier and Ryznar 1.5. The Special Case of Recirculating Systems 1.5.1. Closed Recirculating Systems 1.5.2. Open Recirculating Systems 2 Calcium Sulphate Fouling 2.1. Calcium Sulphate Saturation Index 2.2. Calculating the Weight of Calcium Sulphate 2.3. Use in the Field 2.4. The Special Case of Recirculating Systems 3 Calcium Phosphate Fouling 3.1. Calcium Phosphate Saturation Index 3.2. Calculating the Weight of Calcium Phosphate 3.3. Use in the Field 3.4. The Special Case of Recirculating Systems 4 Corrosion of Mild Steel 4.1. The Ryznar Index 4.1.1. Use in the Field 4.1.2. The Special Case of the Recirculating Systems 4.2. The Langelier Index 4.2.1. Use in the Field 4.2.2. The Special Case of the Recirculating Systems 4.3. Comparison Between Ryznar Index and Langelier Index 4.4. Buffer Capacity 4.4.1. Description of Buffer Effect 4.4.2. Definition of Buffer Capacity 4.4.3. Water Analyses and Buffer Capacity 4.4.4. Evaluation of Buffer Capacity 4.4.5. Buffer Capacity and Corrosion Rate 4.4.6. Use in the Field 4.4.7. The Special Case of the Recirculating Systems 5 Corrosion of Copper 5.1. Cold Water Systems 5.1.1. The Lucey Index 5.1.2. An Alternative Approach 5.1.3. Data Required 5.1.4. Effect of Concentration 5.1.5. Calculating the Index 5.1.6. Time Scale 5.2. Hot Water Systems 5.2.1. Data on Water Chemistry 5.2.2. The Role of Residual Chlorine 5.2.3. Time Scale References Tables Index Supplement （Reprint of Ref. 8） |
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