| Chapter 1 Introduction to Translation 1.1 About Translation 1.1.1 Translation as an Industry 1.1.2 Translation as a Profession 1.1.3 Translation as a Major 1.1.4 Translation as a Course 1.2 Nature and Definition of Translation 1.2.1 Difficulty in Defining Translation 1.2.2 Nature of Translation 1.2.3 Definition of Translation 1.3 Translators Competence 1.3.1 A Sense of Responsibility 1.3.2 Bilingual Competence 1.3.3 Bicultural Competence 1.3.4 Encyclopedic Knowledge Exercises Chapter 2 A Brief History of Translation 2.1 About Translation History 2.2 A Chinese History of Translation 2.2.1 Three Climaxes of Translation in China 2.2.2 Translation from 1949 to the Present 2.3 A Western History of Translation 2.3.1 An Overview of Western Translation 2.3.2 Six Climaxes of Western Translation Exercises Chapter 3 Translation Criteria 3.1 Translation Criteria of China 3.1.1 Early Criteria 3.1.2 Present Criteria 3.2 Translation Criteria of Western Scholars Exercises Chapter 4 The Process of Translation 4.1 Description of Translation Process 4.2 The Four-phase Process in Translating 4.3 The Basic Process of Translation 4.3.1 Accurate Comprehension 4.3.2 Adequate Representation 4.3.3 Revision Exercises Chapter 5 Contrastive Studies of English and Chinese 5.1 Contrastive Analysis of the Words and Phrases 5.2 Contrastive Analysis of the Sentences 5.2.1 General Description 5.2.2 Syntactic Differences between English and Chinese 5.3 Contrastive Analysis of the Texts 5.3.1 Maintenance of the Original Coherent Structure 5.3.2 Modification of the Original Coherent Structure 5.3.3 Modulation of the Original Thematic Structure Exercises Chapter 6 Culture and Translation Chapter 7 The Unit of Translation Chapter 8 Translation of Words Chapter 9 Translation of Sentences Chapter 10 Translation of English for Science and Technology Chapter 11 Translation of Legal Documentation Chapter 12 Translation of Trademarks Chapter 13 Translation of News Reports Keys to Translation Exercises |
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